相关论文: Effective temperatures out of equilibrium

Traditional thermodynamics governs the behaviour of large systems that evolve between states of thermal equilibrium. For these large systems, the mean values of thermodynamic quantities (such as work, heat and entropy) provide a good…

A positive rate of entropy production at steady state is a distinctive feature of truly non-equilibrium processes. Exact results, while being often limited to simple models, offer a unique opportunity to explore the thermodynamic features…

In the context of the dynamical evolution in a non-stationary thermal bath, we construct a family of fluctuation relations for the entropy production that are not verified by the work performed on the system. We exhibit fluctuation…

We study the non-equilibrium time evolution of the classical XY spin model in two dimensions. The two-time autocorrelation and linear response functions are considered for systems initially prepared in a high temperature state and in a…

We analyze the microscopic evolution of a system undergoing a far-from-equilibrium thermodynamic process. Explicitly accounting for the degrees of freedom of participating heat reservoirs, we derive a hybrid result, similar in form to both…

Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally…

Active matter generates order or patterns through nonequilibrium dynamics. An open research challenge is to determine how efficiently a nonequilibrium self-organising system can convert consumed energy into macroscopic order. We study an…

Recently (arXiv:0910.2870), we have derived a fluctuation theorem for systems in thermodynamic equilibrium compatible with anomalous response functions, e.g. the existence of states with \textit{negative heat capacities} $C<0$. In this…

This thesis is devoted to the study of physical systems embedded within the field of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Specifically, the state of the systems of interest constitutes a stochastic process that can be externally driven by…

The nonequilibrium critical dynamics of the 2D XY model is investigated numerically through Monte Carlo simulations and analytically in the spin-wave approximation. We focus in particular on the behaviour of the two-time response and…

We review recent theoretical progress on glassy dynamics, with special emphasis on the importance and universality of the ``aging regime'', which is relevant to many experimental situations. The three main subjects which we address are: (i)…

Glasses are out-of-equilibrium systems aging under the crystallization threat. During ordinary glass formation, the atomic diffusion slows down rendering its experimental investigation impractically long, to the extent that a timescale…

We show that the numerical method based on the off-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation does work and is very useful and powerful in the study of disordered systems which show a very slow dynamics. We have verified that it gives the…

We discuss the non-equilibrium critical phenomena in liquids, and the models for these phenomena based on local equilibrium and extended scaling assumptions. Special situations are proposed for experimental tests of the theory.…

We study the relaxational dynamics of flux lines in high-temperature superconductors with random pinning using Langevin dynamics. At high temperatures the dynamics is stationary and the fluctuation dissipation theorem (FDT) holds. At low…

The response of thermodynamic systems perturbed out of an equilibrium steady-state is described by the reciprocal and the fluctuation-dissipation relations. The so-called fluctuation theorems extended the study of fluctuations far beyond…

We show that a generalized fluctuation-dissipation relation applies upon instantaneously increasing the temperature of a deeply supercooled liquid. This has the same two-step shape of the relation found upon cooling the liquid, but with…

In this Letter, we present a new experimental approach to investigate the effective temperature concept as a generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) for nonequilibrium systems. Simultaneous measurements of diffusion…

The zero-temperature XX chain is studied with emphasis on the properties of a block of $L$ spins inside the chain. We investigate the quantum fluctuations resulting from the entanglement of the block with the rest of the chain using…

Fluctuation-dissipation relations, i.e., the relation between two-time correlation and linear response functions, were successfully used to search for signs of equilibration and to identify effective temperatures in the non-equilibrium…