相关论文: Effective temperatures out of equilibrium
In striking contrast to equilibrium systems, inertia can profoundly alter the structure of active systems. Here, we demonstrate that driven systems can exhibit effective equilibrium-like states with increasing particle inertia, despite…
Constitutive equations are proposed for the relaxation of a glassy material in contact with a thermal reservoir. The dynamics of a single state variable, identified as an effective temperature accounts for the emergence of glassy behavior…
We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…
Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…
We investigate the thermodynamic properties of a single inertial probe driven into a nonequilibrium steady-state by random collisions with self-propelled active walkers. The probe and walkers are confined within a gravitational harmonic…
We investigate the validity of a zeroth thermodynamic law for non-equilibrium systems. In order to describe the thermodynamics of the glassy systems, it has been introduced an extra parameter, the effective temperature which generalizes the…
Active matter systems are driven out of thermal equilibrium by a lack of generalized Stokes-Einstein relation between injection and dissipation of energy at the microscopic scale. We consider such a system of interacting particles,…
Using simulations of glassy systems under steady-state shear, we compare effective temperatures obtained from static linear response with those from time-dependent fluctuation-dissipation relations. Although these two definitions are not…
In thermal equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem relates the linear response and correlation functions in a model and observable independent fashion. Out of equilibrium, these relations still hold if the equilibrium temperature…
The existence of fluctuations of temperature has been a somewhat controversial topic in thermodynamics but nowadays it is recognized that they must be taken into account in small, finite systems. Although for nonequilibrium steady states…
We investigate the relation between two-time, multi-spin, correlation and response functions in the non-equilibrium critical dynamics of Ising models in d=1 and d=2 spatial dimensions. In these non-equilibrium situations, the…
Fluctuations of the excess heat in an out of equilibrium steady state are experimentally investigated in two stochastic systems : an electric circuit with an imposed mean current and a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium by a…
In this paper I am presenting an overview on several topics related to nonequilibrium fluctuations in small systems. I start with a general discussion about fluctuation theorems and applications to physical examples extracted from physics…
The brain is a non-equilibrium system whose dynamics change in different brain states, such as wakefulness and deep sleep. Thermodynamics provides the tools for revealing these non-equilibrium dynamics. We used violations of the…
Departures of observables from their thermal equilibrium expectation values are studied under heat flow in steady-state non-equilibrium environments. The relation between the spatial and temperature dependence of these non-equilibrium…
Starting from the second law of thermodynamics applied to an isolated system consisting of the system surrounded by an extremely large medium, we formulate a general non-equilibrium thermodynamic description of the system when it is out of…
The nonexponential relaxation and aging inherent to complex dynamics manifested in a wide variety of dissipative systems is analyzed through a model of diffusion in phase space in the presence of a nonconservative force. The action of this…
We discuss a theoretical approach to structural glasses as they happen in real situations. Older ideas based on `configurational entropy', on `fictive temperatures' and on Edwards' `compactivity' are sharpened and unified in an out of…
We study the most suitable procedure to measure the effective temperature in off-equilibrium systems. We analyze the stationary current established between an off-equilibrium system and a thermometer and the necessary conditions for that…
Fluctuation theorems are a generalization of thermodynamics on small scales and provide the tools to characterize the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in non-equilibrium nanoscale systems. They are particularly important for…