相关论文: Critical Crashes?

This survey aims at collecting and presenting results for one-type, discrete time branching processes with random control functions. In particular, the subclass of critical migration processes with different regimes of immigration and…

In the so-called "microscopic" models of vehicular traffic, attention is paid explicitly to each individual vehicle each of which is represented by a "particle"; the nature of the "interactions" among these particles is determined by the…

In recent years it has become apparent that intriguing phenomenology exists at the threshold of black hole formation in a large class of general relativistic collapse models. This phenomenology, which includes scaling, self-similarity and…

We develop a phenomenological theory of critical phenomena in networks with an arbitrary distribution of connections $P(k)$. The theory shows that the critical behavior depends in a crucial way on the form of $P(k)$ and differs strongly…

Approach-level models were developed to accommodate the diversity of approaches within the same intersection. A random effect term, which indicates the intersection-specific effect, was incorporated into each crash type model to deal with…

This article reviews classical and quantum aspects of critical phenomena in gravitational collapse. We pay special attention to the origin of the scaling law for black hole mass, and to phase transitions in which black hole formation turns…

An account is given of the features, of the kind pertaining to q-statistics, of the dynamics at the one-dimensional critical attractors associated to the three familiar routes to chaos, intermittency, period doubling and quasiperiodicity.…

This chapter first presents a rather personal view of some different aspects of predictability, going in crescendo from simple linear systems to high-dimensional nonlinear systems with stochastic forcing, which exhibit emergent properties…

Traffic safety science has long been hindered by a fundamental data paradox: the crashes we most wish to prevent are precisely those events we rarely observe. Existing crash-frequency models and surrogate safety metrics rely heavily on…

I present empirical evidence that turbulent flows are closely analogous to critical phenomena, from a reanalysis of friction factor measurements in rough pipes. The data collapse found here corresponds to Widom scaling near critical points,…

Some points concerning the relation of strings to interfaces in statistical systems are discussed.

Let a cluster be a term with a number of patterns occurring in it. We give two accounts of clusters, a geometric one as sets of (node and edge) positions, and an inductive one as pairs of terms with gaps (2nd order variables) and…

We consider emergence from the perspective of dynamics: states of a system evolving with time. We focus on the role of a decomposition of wholes into parts, and attempt to characterize relationships between levels without reference to…

This is a brief review of critical phenomena in gravitational collapse. The conceptual issues are emphasized and some directions for future research are suggested. The paper is not addressed to the experts in the field -- for them little…

Universal shape profiles in a variety of systems contain crucial information on the underlying dynamics. We develop such shape profiles for earthquakes as a stronger test of theory against observations. The earthquake analysis shows good…

In a world that constantly changes, it is crucial to understand how those changes impact different systems, such as industrial manufacturing or critical infrastructure. Explaining critical changes, referred to as concept drift in the field…

We review here briefly the nature of precursors of global failures in three different kinds of many-body dynamical systems. First, we consider the lattice models of self-organised criticality in sandpiles and investigate numerically the…

Following a brief historical introduction of the notions of chaos in dynamical systems, we will present recent developments that attempt to profit from the rich structure and complexity of the chaotic dynamics. In particular, we will…

Experiments in various neural systems found avalanches: bursts of activity with characteristics typical for critical dynamics. A possible explanation for their occurrence is an underlying network that self-organizes into a critical state.…

We analyze access statistics of several popular webpages for a period of several years. The graphs of daily downloads are highly non-homogeneous with long periods of low activity interrupted by bursts of heavy traffic. These bursts are due…