相关论文: On Charged Mesoscopic Metallic Bubbles
The binding of clusters of metal nanoparticles is partly electrostatic. We address difficulties in calculating the electrostatic energy when high charging energies limit the total charge to a single quantum, entailing unequal potentials on…
We derive the $\sigma$-model for granular metals. It is valid for any relation between the temperature, $T$, and the grain mean level spacing. The continuum limit of the $\sigma$-model describes non-perturbative charging effects in…
Coupled multi-component $\mathbb{C}P^N$ models with V-shaped potentials are analyzed. It is shown that the model has solutions being combinations of compact Q-balls and Q-shells. The compact nature of solutions permits the existence of…
Magnetic monopoles and Q-balls are examples of topological and nontopological solitons, respectively. A new soliton state with both topological and nontopological charges is shown to also exist, given a monopole sector with a portal…
In the standard model, stabilization of a classically unstable cosmic string may occur through the quantum fluctuations of a heavy fermion doublet. We review numerical results from a semiclassical expansion in a reduced version of the…
This paper concerns hylomorphic solitons, namely stable, solitary waves whose existence is related to the ratio energy/charge. In theoretical physics, the name Q-ball refers to a type of hylomorphic solitons or soli- tary waves relative to…
It is theoretically and experimentally argued that there may exist bubble or toroid-shaped configurations in some nucleus systems. Based on the nuclear transport model, it is shown that compared with the collision of normal nuclei, there is…
Relativistic scalar field theories with a conserved global charge Q possess often (meta)stable spherically symmetric soliton solutions, called Q-balls. We elaborate on the perfect formal analogy which exists between Q-balls, and spherically…
Complex scalar fields charged under a global U(1) symmetry can admit non-topological soliton configurations called Q-balls which are stable against decay into individual particles or smaller Q-balls. These Q-balls are interesting objects…
The optimized structure and electronic properties of neutral and singly charged magnesium clusters have been investigated using ab initio theoretical methods based on density-functional theory and systematic post-Hartree-Fock many-body…
Multi-field Q-balls, in which some, but not all, of the constituent fields are real scalars, are studied. Uncharged fields may classically contribute to Q-balls provided that their effect is to not destabilise the resulting object. The…
The surprisingly rich physics of a single Coulomb-blockaded metallic island, when coupled to quantum Hall edge channels, is now well established -- giving rise to charge fractionalization and multi-channel quantum impurity behavior. Here,…
We study the phenomenon of quantum friction in a system consisting of a polarizable atom moving at a constant speed parallel to a metallic plate. The metal is described using a charged hydrodynamic model for the electrons. This model…
A class of spherical collapsing exact solutions with electromagnetic charge is derived. This class of solutions -- in general anisotropic -- contains however as a particular case the charged dust model already known in literature. Under…
The radial motion of a self-graviting charged dust and stability condition of the static charged dust spheres are considered. The stability is possible for the bound states of the weakly charged layer with abnormal charge with respect to…
We consider a finite-size spherical bubble with a nonequilibrium value of the $q$-field, where the bubble is immersed in an infinite vacuum with the constant equilibrium value $q_{0}$ for the $q$-field (this $q_{0}$ has already cancelled an…
An expansion of energy characteristics of wide thin slab of thickness L in power of 1/L is constructed using the free-electron approximation and the model of a potential well of finite depth. Accuracy of results in each order of the…
We consider again stationary solutions to the spherically symmetric Einstein--Maxwell--Klein--Gordon system, commonly known as ``charged boson stars'', originally studied by Jetzer and Van Der Bij. We construct families of charged boson…
Assuming that the electroweak and QCD phase transitions are first order, upon supercooling, bubbles of the new phase appear. These bubbles grow to macroscopic sizes compared to the natural scales associated with the Compton wavelengths of…
The Fermi bubbles are gigantic gamma-ray structures in our Galaxy. The physical origin of the bubbles is still under debate. The leading scenarios can be divided into two categories. One is the nuclear star forming activity similar to…