相关论文: Phase Transition in Small System

The majority vote model is one of the simplest opinion systems yielding distinct phase transitions and has garnered significant interest in recent years. However, its original formulation is not, in general, thermodynamically consistent,…

Phase separation is a fairly common physical phenomenon with examples including the formation of water droplets from humid air (fog, rain), the separation of a crystalline structure from an isotropic material such as a liquid or even the…

The nature of the transition from the quantum tunneling regime at low temperatures to the thermal hopping regime at high temperatures is investigated analytically in scalar field theory. An analytical bounce solution is presented, which…

We investigate the occurrence of waterlike thermodynamic and dynamic anomalous behavior in a one dimensional lattice gas model. The system thermodynamics is obtained using the transfer matrix technique and anomalies on density and…

We consider finite sized atomic systems with varying number of particles which have dipolar interactions among them and also under the collective driving and dissipative effect of thermal photon environment. Focusing on the simple case of…

The dynamics of open quantum systems connected with several reservoirs attract great attention due to its importance in quantum optics, biology, quantum thermodynamics, transport phenomena, etc. In many problems, the Born approximation is…

Colloids are suspensions of small solid particles in a liquid, and exhibit glassy behavior when the particle concentration is high. In these samples, the particles are roughly analogous to individual molecules in a traditional glass. This…

The principle that heat spontaneously flows from higher temperature to lower temperature is a cornerstone of classical thermodynamics, often assumed to be independent of the sequence of interactions. While this holds true for macroscopic…

We study the process of heat transfer through an entangled pair of two-level system, demonstrating the role of quantum correlations in this nonequilibrium process. While quantum correlations generally degrade with increasing the temperature…

Water is a unique compound with many anomalies and properties not fully understood. Designing an experiment in the laboratory to study such anomalies, we set up a series of experiments where a tube was placed inside a sealed container with…

A liquid droplet is fragmented by a sudden pressurized-gas blow, and the resulting droplets, adhered to the window of a flatbed scanner, are counted and sized by computerized means. The use of a scanner plus image recognition software…

Anomalous heat transfer (AHT), a process by which heat spontaneously flows from a cold system into a hot one, superficially contradicts the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Here we provide a full classification of…

The levitation of a volatile droplet on a highly superheated surface is known as the Leidenfrost effect. Wetting state during transition from full wetting of a surface by a droplet at room temperature to Leidenfrost bouncing, i.e.,…

A microscopic model of the lipid membrane is constructed that provides analytically tractable description of the physical mechanism of the first order liquid-gel phase transition. We demonstrate that liquid-gel phase transition is…

Microcanonical thermodynamics allows the application of statistical mechanics both to finite and even small systems and also to the largest, self-gravitating ones. However, one must reconsider the fundamental principles of statistical…

We calculate the energy and heat capacity of a liquid on the basis of its elastic properties and vibrational states. The experimental decrease of liquid heat capacity with temperature is attributed to the increasing loss of two transverse…

Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection in a layer of volatile liquid driven by a horizontal temperature gradient arises in a variety of situations. Recent studies have shown that the composition of the gas phase, which is typically a mixture…

Thermal conductivity of a model glass-forming system in the liquid and glass states is studied using extensive numerical simulations. We show that near the glass transition temperture, where the structural relaxation time becomes very long,…

The identification and classification of phases in small systems, e.g. nuclei, social and financial networks, clusters, and biological systems, where the traditional definitions of phase transitions are not applicable, is important to…

The process of drop formation from a nozzle can be seen in many natural systems and engineering applications. Here, we investigate the formation of a liquid droplet from a wettable nozzle. The behavior of a drop is complicated due to an…