相关论文: Entropy loss in long-distance DNA looping

We discuss possible mechanisms that may impact the order of the transition between denaturated and bound DNA states and lead to changes in the scaling laws that govern conformational properties of DNA strands. To this end, we re-consider…

Phase-locked loops (PLL), Costas loops and other synchronizing circuits are featured by the presence of a nonlinear phase detector, described by a periodic nonlinearity. In general, nonlinearities can cause complex behavior of the system…

Dissipation generally leads to the decoherence of a quantum state. In contrast, numerous recent proposals have illustrated that dissipation can also be tailored to stabilize many-body entangled quantum states. While the focus of these works…

In computer vision, it is often observed that formulating regression problems as a classification task often yields better performance. We investigate this curious phenomenon and provide a derivation to show that classification, with the…

Taking into account the nonequivalence of fixed-force and fixed-length ensembles in the weak-force regime, equations of state are derived that describe the equilibrium extension or compression of an ideal Gaussian polymer chain in response…

We studied the electrical conductivity of DNA molecules with conducting atomic force microscopy as a function of the chemical nature of the substrate surfaces, the nature of the electrical contact, and the number of DNA molecules (from a…

The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite…

The entanglement entropy between quantum fields inside and outside a black hole horizon is a promising candidate for the microscopic origin of black hole entropy. We show that the entanglement entropy may be defined in loop quantum gravity,…

Entropy plays a key role in statistical physics of complex systems, which in general exhibit diverse aspects of emergence on different scales. However, it still remains not fully resolved how entropy varies with the coarse-graining level…

EEG time series are analyzed using the diffusion entropy method. The resulting EEG entropy manifests short-time scaling, asymptotic saturation and an attenuated alpha-rhythm modulation. These properties are faithfully modeled by a…

The entropy production rate of cancer cell is always higher than healthy cell under the case of no external field applied. Different entropy production between two kinds of cells determines the direction of entropy flow among cells. The…

Entropy measures have become increasingly popular as an evaluation metric for complexity in the analysis of time series data, especially in physiology and medicine. Entropy measures the rate of information gain, or degree of regularity in a…

We consider a chain of free electrons with periodically switched dimerization and study the entanglement entropy of a segment with the remainder of the system. We show that it evolves in a stepwise manner towards a value proportional to the…

A recently proposed history formalism is used to define temporal entanglement in quantum systems, and compute its entropy. The procedure is based on the time-reduction of the history density operator, and allows a symmetrical treatment of…

Studies of circular DNA confined to nanofluidic channels are relevant both from a fundamental polymer-physics perspective and due to the importance of circular DNA molecules in vivo. We here observe the unfolding of DNA from the circular to…

The symmetries of the DNA double helix require a new term in its linear response to stress: the coupling between twist and stretch. Recent experiments with torsionally-constrained single molecules give the first direct measurement of this…

We investigate the entanglement and the R\'enyi entropies of two electronic leads connected by a quantum point contact. For non-interacting electrons, the entropies can be related to the cumulants of the full counting statistics of…

A solid-state nanopore can electrophoretically capture a DNA molecule and pull it through in a folded configuration. The resulting ionic current signal indicates where along its length the DNA was captured. A statistical study using an 8 nm…

The amount of information generated by a discrete time stochastic processes in a single step can be quantified by the entropy rate. We investigate the differences between two discrete time walk models, the discrete time quantum walk and the…

Any continuous curve in a higher dimensional space can be considered a trajectory that can be parameterized by a single variable, usually taken as time. It is well known that a continuous curve can have a fractional dimensionality, which…