相关论文: Universality classes in nonequilibrium lattice sys…
Universality has been a key concept for the classification of equilibrium critical phenomena, allowing associations among different physical processes and models. When dealing with non-equilibrium problems, however, the distinction in…
Systems with absorbing (trapped) states may exhibit a nonequilibrium phase transition from a noise-free inactive phase into an ever-lasting active phase. We briefly review the absorbing critical phenomena and universality classes, and…
In this work we analyze the universal scaling functions and the critical exponents at the upper critical dimension of a continuous phase transition. The consideration of the universal scaling behavior yields a decisive check of the value of…
The lectures examine several problems related to non-equilibrium fluctuations of interfaces and flux lines. The first two introduce the phenomenology of depinning, with particular emphasis on interfaces and contact lines. The role of the…
Dynamical universality plays a fundamental role in understanding the scaling properties of critical dynamics, including absorbing phase transitions and physical aging. Although individual universality classes have been extensively studied,…
It is shown that intrinsically anisotropic non-equilibrium systems relaxing by a dynamic process exhibit universal critical behavior during their evolution toward non-equilibrium stationary states. An anisotropic scaling anzats for the…
Many non-equilibrium systems display dynamic phase transitions from active to absorbing states, where fluctuations cease entirely. Based on a field theory representation of the master equation, the critical behavior can be analyzed by means…
While equilibrium interfaces display universal large-scale statistics, interfaces in phase-separated active and driven systems are predicted to belong to distinct non-equilibrium universality classes. Yet, such behavior has proven difficult…
Nonequilibrium phase transitions between an active and an absorbing state are found in models of populations, epidemics, autocatalysis, and chemical reactions on a surface. While absorbing-state phase transitions fall generically in the DP…
We study absorbing phase transitions in systems of branching annihilating random walkers and pair contact process with diffusion on a one dimensional ring, where the walkers hop to their nearest neighbor with a bias $\epsilon$. For…
The main subject of this thesis rests on the study ---at different levels of description--- of instabilities in systems which are driven, i.e., maintained far from equilibrium by an external forcing. We focus here on two main classes,…
Unidirectionally coupled systems which exhibit phase transitions into an absorbing state are investigated at the multicritical point. We find that for initial conditions with isolated particles, each hierarchy level exhibits an…
We consider two different systems exhibiting a continuous phase transition into an absorbing state. Both models belong to the same universality class, i.e., they are characterized by the same scaling functions and the same critical…
After having introduced the notion of universality in statistical mechanics and its importance for our comprehension of the macroscopic behavior of interacting systems, I review recent progress in the understanding of the scaling limit of…
We comment on some recent, yet unpublished results concerning instabilities in complex systems and their applications. In particular, we briefly describe main observations during extensive computer simulations of two lattice nonequilibrium…
When a system is brought to a metastable state, nuclei of the equilibrium phase form and grow. This is the well-known nucleation and growth of first-order phase transitions. Near a critical point of a continuous phase transition, critical…
We consider triad dynamics as it was recently considered by Antal \emph{et al.} [T. Antal, P. L. Krapivsky, and S. Redner, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 72}, 036121 (2005)] as an approach to social balance. Here we generalize the topology from…
In this Letter we show that the transition from laminar to active behavior in extended chaotic systems can vary from a continuous transition in the universality class of Directed Percolation with infinitely many absorbing states to what…
In these lectures, a variety of non-equilibrium transport phenomena are introduced that all involve, in some way, elastic manifolds being driven through random media. A simple class of models is studied focussing on the behavior near to the…
We elucidate a non-conserved relaxational nonequilibrium dynamics of a O(2) symmetric model. We drive the system out of equilibrium by introducing a non-zero noise cross-correlation of amplitude $D_\times$ in a stochastic Langevin…