相关论文: Universality in Glassy Low-Temperature Physics
By comparing the response to external strains in metallic glasses and in Lenard-Jones glasses we find a quantitative universality of the fundamental plastic instabilities in the athermal, quasistatic limit. Microscopically these two types…
Spin-glass systems are universal models for representing many-body phenomena in statistical physics and computer science. High quality solutions of NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems can be encoded into low energy states of…
Critical phenomena in real fluids demonstrate a combination of universal features caused by the divergence of long-range fluctuations of density and nonuniversal (system-dependent) features associated with specific intermolecular…
We highlight certain key achievements in experimental work on molecular, colloidal and granular glassformers. This short review considers these three classes of experimental systems and focusses largely on the work of the authors and their…
Studies of low-frequency resistance noise show that the glassy freezing of the two-dimensional (2D) electron system in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition occurs in all Si inversion layers. The size of the metallic glass phase,…
The existence of a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem observed in simulations and experiments performed in various glassy materials is related to the concepts of local equilibration and heterogeneity in space. Assuming the…
Since the discovery of long-time tails, it has been clear that Fourier's law in low dimensions is typically anomalous, with a size-dependent heat conductivity, though the nature of the anomaly remains puzzling. The conventional wisdom,…
We present a computer simulation study of a disordered two-dimensional system of localized interacting electrons at thermal equilibrium. It is shown that the configuration of occupied sites within the Coulomb gap persistently changes at…
In a glassy system different degrees of freedom have well-separated characteristic times, and are described by different temperatures. The stationary state is essentially non-equilibrium. A generalized statistical thermodynamics is…
Universality in materials deformation is of intense interest: universal scaling relations if exist would bridge the gap from microscopic deformation to macroscopic response in a single material-independent fashion. While recent agreement of…
A directed polymer is considered on a flat substrate with randomly located parallel ridges. It prefers to lie inside wide regions between the ridges. When the transversel width $W=\exp(\lambda L^{1/3})$ is exponential in the longitudinal…
Pattern-forming nonequilibrium systems are ubiquitous in nature, from driven quantum matter and biological life forms to atmospheric and interstellar gases. Identifying universal aspects of their far-from-equilibrium dynamics and statistics…
A picture for thermodynamics of the glassy state was introduced recently by us (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 79} (1997) 1317; {\bf 80} (1998) 5580). It starts by assuming that one extra parameter, the effective temperature, is needed to describe…
The nature of the glass transition is theoretically understood in the mean-field limit of infinite spatial dimensions, but the problem remains totally open in physical dimensions. Nontrivial finite-dimensional fluctuations are hard to…
Recent ideas based on the properties of assemblies of frictionless particles in mechanical equilibrium provide a perspective of amorphous systems different from that offered by the traditional approach originating in liquid theory. The…
We study via RG, numerics, exact bounds and qualitative arguments the equilibrium Gibbs measure of a particle in a $d$-dimensional gaussian random potential with {\it translationally invariant logarithmic} spatial correlations. We show that…
The presence of dynamical heterogeneities, i.e. nanometer-scale regions containing molecules rearranging cooperatively at very different rates compared to the bulk, is increasingly being recognized as crucial in our understanding of the…
We present new simulation results for the specific heat in a classical model of a binary mixture glass-former in two dimensions. We show that in addition to the formerly observed specific heat peak there is a second peak at lower…
We present a novel mechanism for the anomalous behaviour of the specific heat in low-temperature amorphous solids. The analytic solution of a mean-field model belonging to the same universality class as high-dimensional glasses, the…
We study by molecular dynamics computer simulation a binary soft-sphere mixture that shows a pronounced decoupling of the species' long-time dynamics. Anomalous, power-law-like diffusion of small particles arises, that can be understood as…