相关论文: The single electron R-pump: first experiment

We report on the investigation of Al single electron structures equipped with miniature (8 um long) on-chip Cr resistors of R > R_k = h/e^2 = 25.8 kOhm. From the measurement of the Coulomb blockade in single-junction structures we evaluated…

The Electron Counting Capacitance Standard currently pursued at PTB aims to close the Quantum Metrological Triangle with a final precision of a few parts in 10^7. This paper reports the considerable progress recently achieved with a new…

A capacitance standard based on the definition of capacitance C = Ne/U is realized when a capacitor is charged with a known number N of electrons (e is the elementary charge) and the voltage U across the capacitor is measured. If U is…

We review recent precision measurements on semiconductor tunable-barrier electron pumps operating in a ratchet mode. Seven studies on five different designs of pumps have reported measurements of the pump current with relative total…

Single-electron pumps based on semiconductor quantum dots are promising candidates for the emerging quantum standard of electrical current. They can transfer discrete charges with part-per-million (ppm) precision in nanosecond time scales.…

Electron pumps capable of delivering a current higher than 100pA with sufficient accuracy are likely to become the direct mise en pratique of the possible new quantum definition of the ampere. Furthermore, they are essential for closing the…

A well-characterised sample of silicon tunable-barrier electron pump has been operated at a frequency of 2 GHz using a custom drive waveform, generating a pump current of 320 pA. Precision measurements of the current were made as a function…

A silicon electron pump operating at the temperature of liquid helium has demonstrated repeatable operation with sub-ppm accuracy. The pump current, approximately 168 pA, is measured by three laboratories, and the measurements agree with…

Semiconductor tunable barrier single-electron pumps can produce output current of hundreds of picoamperes at sub ppm precision, approaching the metrological requirement for the direct implementation of the current standard. Here, we operate…

Electron pumps generate a macroscopic electric current by controlled manipulation of single electrons. Despite intensive research towards a quantum current standard over the last 25 years, making a fast and accurate quantised electron pump…

We demonstrate the robust operation of a gallium arsenide tunable-barrier single-electron pump operating with 1 part-per-million accuracy at a temperature of $1.3$~K and a pumping frequency of $500$~MHz. The accuracy of current quantisation…

Pumping characteristics were studied of the hybrid normal-metal/superconductor single-electron transistor embedded in a high-ohmic environment. Two 3 micrometer-long microstrip resistors of CrOx with a sum resistance R=80kOhm were placed…

Nanoscale single-electron pumps can be used to generate accurate currents, and can potentially serve to realize a new standard of electrical current based on elementary charge. Here, we use a silicon-based quantum dot with tunable tunnel…

We report electron counting experiments in a silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot architecture which has been previously demonstrated to generate a quantized current in excess of 80 pA with uncertainty below 30 parts per million.…

We measure the average number of electrons loaded into an electrostatically-defined quantum dot (QD) operated as a tunable-barrier electron pump, using a point-contact (PC) charge sensor 1 micron away from the QD. The measurement of the…

Using standard microfabrication techniques it is now possible to construct devices, which appear to reliably manipulate electrons one at a time. These devices have potential use as building blocks in quantum computing devices, or as a…

We report an experimental technique to measure and manipulate the arrival-time and energy distributions of electrons emitted from a semiconductor electron pump, operated as both a single-electron source and a two-electron source. Using an…

We perform in-situ detection of individual electrons pumped through a single-electron turnstile based on ultrasmall normal metal - insulator - superconductor tunnel junctions. In our setup, limited by the detector bandwidth, at low…

We report on the operation of a single electron trap comprising a chain of four Al/AlOx/Al tunnel junctions attached, at one side, to a memory island and, at the other side, to a miniature on-chip Cr resistor R=50 kOhm which served to…

We have investigated the transport characteristics of an electron pump consisting of an asymmetric double quantum dot at zero bias voltage which is subject to electromagnetic radiation. Depending on the energies of the intermediate states…