相关论文: Close by Compact Objects and Recent Supernovae in …
Comets are important "eyewitnesses" of Solar System formation and evolution. Important tests to determine the chemical composition and to study the physical processes in cometary nuclei and coma need data in the UV range of the…
In these lecture notes I briefly discuss the present day situation and new discoveries in astrophysics of neutron stars focusing on isolated objects. The latter include soft gamma repeaters, anomalous X-ray pulsars, central compact objects…
This topical collection summarizes recent advances in observing and modeling irradiance variations of the Sun and Sun-like stars, emphasizing the links between surface magnetic fields and the resulting solar and stellar variability. In…
The central regions of galaxies show the presence of super massive black holes and/or very dense stellar clusters. Both such objects seem to follow similar host-galaxy correlations, suggesting that they are members of the same family of…
It is often assumed that the strong gravitational field of a super-massive black hole disrupts an adjacent molecular cloud preventing classical star formation in the deep potential well of the black hole. Yet, young stars have been observed…
In this brief review, I discuss recent developments in the study of pulsar-powered nebulae ("plerions"). The large volume of data which has been acquired in recent years reveals a diverse range of observational properties, demonstrating how…
I review the subjects of non-solar cosmic rays (CRs) and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Of the various interpretations of these phenomena, the one best supported by the data is the following. Accreting compact objects, such as black…
Central compact objects (CCOs) are neutron stars that are found near the center of supernova remnants, and their association with supernova remnants indicates these neutron stars are young (<~ 10^4 yr). Here we review the observational…
The last findings on stellar and substellar objects in modified gravity are presented, allowing a reader to quickly jump into this topic. Early stellar evolution of low-mass stars, cooling models of brown dwarfs and giant gaseous exoplanets…
There have been many speculations about the character of the dusty object moving fast in the vicinity of the Galactic centre black hole. The recent detection of polarized continuum emission provides new constraints for the models. The fact…
The review summarizes present and future applications of galaxy clusters to cosmology with emphasis on nearby X-ray clusters. The discussion includes the density of dark matter, the normalization of the matter power spectrum, neutrino…
Two different reasons make the search for transients in the nearby Universe (d < 200 Mpc) interesting and urgent. First, there exists a large gap in the luminosity of the brightest novae (-10 mag) and that of sub-luminous supernovae (-16…
Many nearby stars are surrounded by a bright ring or disk of cold dust. Our calculations show that these disks and rings of dust are signposts of recent planet formation. Bright rings appear because dust associated with the formation of a…
Young massive clusters are dense aggregates of young stars that form the fundamental building blocks of galaxies. Several examples exist in the Milky Way Galaxy and the Local Group, but they are particularly abundant in starburst and…
Upcoming large multiwavelength photometric surveys will provide a leap in our understanding of small body populations, among other fields of modern astrophysics. Serendipitous observations of small bodies in different orbital locations…
I review some important aspects of the structural and statistical properties of the nearby X-ray galaxy cluster population, discussing the new constraints on mass profiles, the mass-temperature relation, and the entropy of the intracluster…
The development of observational techniques has inriched our knowledge of supernova remnants. In this paper, we review the main progresses in the last decade, including new discoveries of supernova remnants and the associated (rare type of)…
Solar neutrinos offer a unique opportunity to study the interaction of neutrinos with matter, a sensitive search for potential new physics effects, and a probe of solar structure and solar system formation. This paper describes the broad…
We review recent progress in elucidating the relationship between high-energy radiation and the interstellar medium (ISM) in young supernova remnants (SNRs) with ages of $\sim$2000 yr, focusing in particular on RX J1713.7$-$3946 and RCW 86.…
Dark matter in the Universe consisting of macroscopic objects such as primordial black holes may cause gravitational lensing of distant objects. The magnification associated with lensing will lead to additional scatter in the received flux…