相关论文: Galactic Winds: Near and Far
The recent results from a deep Fabry-Perot survey of nearby active and star-forming galaxies are presented. Line-emitting material is detected over two orders of magnitude in galactocentric radius, from the 100-pc scale of the active or…
Stellar winds of cool, main-sequence stars are very tenuous and difficult to observe. Despite carrying away only a small amount of the stellar mass, they are important for regulating the rotation of the star and, consequently, its activity…
The most recent results and some of the open key questions on the evolution of early-type galaxies are reviewed in the general cosmological context of massive galaxy formation.
Magnetic fields constitute an energetic component of the interstellar medium in galaxies and hence can affect the formation of galactic structures. Sensitive resolved radio continuum observations together with statistical studies in galaxy…
Internal dynamical evolution can drive stellar systems into states of high central density. For many star clusters and galactic nuclei, the time scale on which this occurs is significantly less than the age of the universe. As a result,…
Stellar activity can reveal itself in the form of radiation (eg, enhanced X-ray coronal emission, flares) and particles (eg, winds, coronal mass ejections). Together, these phenomena shape the space weather around (exo)planets. As stars…
We review basic physics of line-driven stellar winds of OB stars. We discuss elementary processes due to which stellar winds are accelerated on a microscopic level. We show how these microscopic processes may enable the outflow and how they…
Both stars and planets can lose mass through an expansive wind outflow, often constrained or channeled by magnetic fields that form a surrounding magnetosphere. The very strong winds of massive stars are understood to be driven by…
We study the effects of drift motions and the advection by a Galactic wind on the propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. We employ a simplified magnetic field model, based on (and similar to) the Jansson-Farrar model for the Galactic…
Cloud environment is thought to play a critical role in determining the mechanism of formation of massive stars. In this contribution we review the physical characteristics of the environment around recently formed massive stars. Particular…
The development of galactic fountain theories is reviewed with special emphasis on the different approaches and concepts that have been used in the past. In particular the outstanding contribution of Franz Kahn to our physical understanding…
To understand galaxies and their evolution, it is necessary to describe how the different scales interact: how the microscopic physics, such as star formation, or the large scale physics, such as galaxy interactions may modify the galaxy…
This article gives an overview of the constitution, physical conditions and observables of dust in the interstellar medium of nearby galaxies. We first review the macroscopic, spatial distribution of dust in these objects, and its…
We review progress over the past decade in observations of large-scale star formation, with a focus on the interface between extragalactic and Galactic studies. Methods of measuring gas contents and star formation rates are discussed, and…
We review the physical properties of nearby, relatively luminous galaxies, using results from newly available massive data sets together with more detailed observations. First, we present the global distribution of properties, including the…
During five decades astronomers have been puzzled by the presence of strong absorption features including metal lines, observed in the optical and ultraviolet spectra of quasars, signalling in- and outflowing gas winds with relative…
Ultraluminous galaxies in the local universe (z$\leq$0.2) emit the bulk of their energy in the mid and far-infrared. The multiwavelength approach to these objects has shown that they are advanced mergers of gas-rich spiral galaxies.…
Stars have proven to be surprisingly prolific radio sources and the added sensitivity of the Square Kilometer Array will lead to advances in many directions. This chapter discusses prospects for studying the physics of stellar atmospheres…
Stellar-driven galactic winds are multiphase outflows of energy and matter connecting the interstellar and circumgalactic media (CGM) with the intergalactic medium. Galactic winds contain a hot and diffuse phase detected in X-rays, and a…
We point out that a high number density of stars in the core of a dense star cluster such as the central stellar cluster at the Galactic center, where many stars possess strong stellar winds, should result in collisions of those winds. The…