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This is a general work on gravitational lensing. We present new expressions for the optical scalars and the deflection angle in terms of the energy-momentum tensor components of matter distributions. Our work generalizes standard references…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2011-05-12 Emanuel Gallo , Osvaldo M. Moreschi

This is intended as an introduction to and review of the work of V, Arnold and his collaborators on the theory of Lagrangian and Legendrian submanifolds and their associated maps. The theory is illustrated by applications to Hamilton-Jacobi…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-25 Juergen Ehlers , Ezra T. Newman

We study the formation of images in a reflective sphere in three configurations using caustics of the field of light rays. The optical wavefront emerging from a source point reaching a subject following passage through the optical system…

Similar to the light, gravitational waves traveling in multiple paths may arrive at the same location if there is a gravitational lens on their way. Apart from the magnification of the amplitudes and the time delay between the gravitational…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2019-09-19 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Zong-Hong Zhu

In the gravitational lensing of gravitational waves, the wave optics should be used instead of the geometrical optics when the wavelength $\lambda$ of the gravitational waves is longer than the Schwarzschild radius of the lens mass $M_L$.…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Ryuichi Takahashi , Takashi Nakamura

We study imaging of point sources with a quadrupole gravitational lens while focusing on the formation and evolution of the Einstein cross formed on the image sensor of an imaging telescope. We use a new type of a diffraction integral that…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2021-12-14 Slava G. Turyshev , Viktor T. Toth

We review results from our monitoring observations of several lensed quasars performed in the optical, UV, and X-ray bands. Modeling of the multi-wavelength light curves provides constraints on the extent of the optical, UV, and X-ray…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-05-25 G. Chartas , C. Rhea , C. Kochanek , X. Dai , C. Morgan , J. Blackburne , B. Chen , A. Mosquera , C. MacLeod

Gravitational waves can act like gravitational lenses, affecting the observed positions, brightnesses, and redshifts of distant objects. Exact expressions for such effects are derived here in general relativity, allowing for…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-08-26 Abraham I. Harte

Wave-optics phenomena in gravitational lensing occur when the signal's wavelength is commensurate to the gravitational radius of the lens. Although potentially detectable in lensed gravitational waves, fast radio bursts and pulsars,…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-06-20 Hector Villarrubia-Rojo , Stefano Savastano , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Lyla Choi , Srashti Goyal , Liang Dai , Giovanni Tambalo

Gravitational waves propagating across gravitational potentials undergo lensing effects that, in the wave-optics regime, manifest as frequency-dependent amplitude and phase modulations. In this work, we revisit the diffraction integral…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2026-01-09 Mariana Carrillo Gonzalez , Valerio De Luca , Alice Garoffolo , Julio Parra-Martinez , Mark Trodden

Gravitational lensing deflects the paths of cosmic infrared background (CIB) photons, leaving a measurable imprint on CIB maps. The resulting statistical anisotropy can be used to reconstruct the matter distribution out to the redshifts of…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-04 Emmanuel Schaan , Simone Ferraro , David N. Spergel

Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves provides a powerful probe of the mass density distribution in the universe. Wave optics effects, such as diffraction, make the lensing effect sensitive to the structure around the Fresnel scale,…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-12-22 So Tanaka , Teruaki Suyama

We explore the impact of corrections to the propagation on the waveforms of gravitationally lensed gravitational waves under the geometrical optics approximation, focusing on both uniform cosmological modifications and local modifications…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-03-03 Hiroki Takeda , Takahiro Tanaka

If an extended source, such as a galaxy, is gravitationally lensed by a massive object in the foreground, the lensing distorts the observed image. It is straightforward to simulate what the observed image would be for a particular lens and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Brendon J. Brewer , Geraint F. Lewis

We present a rigorous, detailed study of the generic, quantitative properties of gravitational microlensing near cusp catastrophes. We derive explicit formulas for the total magnification and centroid of the images created for sources…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 B. Scott Gaudi , A. O. Petters

We study observational implications of the stochastic gravitational wave background and a non-Gaussian feature of scalar perturbations on the curvaton mechanism of the generation of density/curvature fluctuations, and show that they can…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 Kazunori Nakayama , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

In this article, we discuss the idea of gravitational lensing, from a systematic, historical and didactic point of view. We show how the basic lensing equation together with the concepts of geometrical optics opens a space of implications…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2019-05-20 Tilman Sauer , Tobias Schütz

We study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) while treating the Sun as an extended, axisymmetric and rotating body. The gravitational field of the Sun is represented using a set of zonal harmonics. We develop an…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2021-08-16 Slava G. Turyshev , Viktor T. Toth

We describe a new approach for the determination of cosmological parameters using gravitational lensing systems with multiple arcs, exploiting the fact that a given cluster can produce multiple arcs from sources over a broad range in…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-30 Robert Link , Michael J. Pierce

Accelerated expansion of the Universe prompted searches of modified gravity theory beyond general relativity, instead of adding a mysterious dark energy component with exotic physical properties. One such alternative gravity approach is…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2024-06-11 Sreekanth Harikumar , Laur Järv , Margus Saal , Aneta Wojnar , Marek Biesiada