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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is committed to delineating the classification boundaries between in-distribution (ID) and OOD images. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable OOD detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Xujiang Zhao , Dong Li , Qin Tian , Linlin Yu

Camouflaged object detection (COD) aims to accurately detect objects hidden in the surrounding environment. However, the existing COD methods mainly locate camouflaged objects in the RGB domain, their performance has not been fully…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Runmin Cong , Mengyao Sun , Sanyi Zhang , Xiaofei Zhou , Wei Zhang , Yao Zhao

Imperfections in X-ray imaging systems can limit their performance, especially in High Energy Density (HED) or Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE)-relevant experiments that are typically single shot, by introducing structured, non-stationary…

Prior research on out-of-distribution detection (OoDD) has primarily focused on single-modality models. Recently, with the advent of large-scale pretrained vision-language models such as CLIP, OoDD methods utilizing such multi-modal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Jeonghyeon Kim , Sangheum Hwang

We present a new methodology for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) images by utilizing norms of the score estimates at multiple noise scales. A score is defined to be the gradient of the log density with respect to the input data. Our…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-24 Ahsan Mahmood , Junier Oliva , Martin Styner

Deep learning models are vulnerable to performance degradation when encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) images, potentially leading to misdiagnoses and compromised patient care. These shortcomings have led to great interest in the field…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Lars Doorenbos , Raphael Sznitman , Pablo Márquez-Neila

Neural networks that are trained on limited category samples often mispredict out-of-distribution (OOD) objects. We observe that features of the same category are more tightly clustered in feature space, while those of different categories…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Junkun Chen , Jilin Mei , Liang Chen , Fangzhou Zhao , Yan Xing , Yu Hu

High-impedance faults (HIF) are difficult to detect because of their low current amplitude and highly diverse characteristics. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has been gaining popularity in HIF detection because ML techniques learn…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-28 Khushwant Rai , Farnam Hojatpanah , Firouz Badrkhani Ajaei , Katarina Grolinger

Graph-level representation learning is important in a wide range of applications. Existing graph-level models are generally built on i.i.d. assumption for both training and testing graphs. However, in an open world, models can encounter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-19 Zhihao Ding , Jieming Shi , Shiqi Shen , Xuequn Shang , Jiannong Cao , Zhipeng Wang , Zhi Gong

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection, i.e., identifying whether an input is sampled from a novel distribution other than the training distribution, is a critical task for safely deploying machine learning systems in the open world. Recently,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-13 Feng Xue , Zi He , Chuanlong Xie , Falong Tan , Zhenguo Li

Models trained with deep learning often fail to signal when inputs fall outside their training data manifold, leading to unreliable predictions under distribution shift. Prior work suggests that effective out-of-distribution (OOD) detection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Brett Barkley , Preston Culbertson , David Fridovich-Keil

Given an unsupervised outlier detection (OD) algorithm, how can we optimize its hyperparameter(s) (HP) on a new dataset, without any labels? In this work, we address this challenging hyperparameter optimization for unsupervised OD problem,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Yue Zhao , Leman Akoglu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect testing samples far away from the in-distribution (ID) training data, which is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models in the real world. Distance-based OOD detection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Haodong Lu , Dong Gong , Shuo Wang , Jason Xue , Lina Yao , Kristen Moore

Robust generalization under distribution shift remains difficult to monitor and optimize in the absence of target-domain labels, as models with similar in-distribution accuracy can exhibit markedly different out-of-distribution (OOD)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Ali Zia , Farid Hazratian

Predictive machine learning models generally excel on in-distribution data, but their performance degrades on out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. Reliable deployment therefore requires robust OOD detection, yet this is particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 David Graber , Victor Armegioiu , Rebecca Buller , Siddhartha Mishra

Successful deep neural networks discover salient features of data. We show when and why they fail to learn out-of-distribution (OOD)-relevant representations from an in-distribution (ID) training window. This requires decoupling feature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Leonel Aguilar , Jan Nagler , Christoph Hoelscher , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

Objective: Machine learning- and deep learning-based models have recently been employed in motor imagery intention classification from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Nevertheless, there is a limited understanding of feature selection…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-04-08 Muhammad Sudipto Siam Dip , Mohammod Abdul Motin , Md. Anik Hasan , Sumaiya Kabir

In recent years, the use of object proposal as a preprocessing step for target detection to improve computational efficiency has become an effective method. Good object proposal methods should have high object detection recall rate and low…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Jiang Chao , Liang Huawei , Wang Zhiling

As machine learning becomes increasingly prevalent in impactful decisions, recognizing when inference data is outside the model's expected input distribution is paramount for giving context to predictions. Out-of-distribution (OOD)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Anish Lakkapragada , Amol Khanna , Edward Raff , Nathan Inkawhich

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection, aiming to distinguish outliers from known categories, has gained prominence in practical scenarios. Recently, the advent of vision-language models (VLM) has heightened interest in enhancing OOD detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-27 Fanhu Zeng , Zhen Cheng , Fei Zhu , Hongxin Wei , Xu-Yao Zhang