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The increasing sophistication of large vision-language models (LVLMs) has been accompanied by advances in safety alignment mechanisms designed to prevent harmful content generation. However, these defenses remain vulnerable to sophisticated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Quanchen Zou , Zonghao Ying , Moyang Chen , Wenzhuo Xu , Yisong Xiao , Yakai Li , Deyue Zhang , Dongdong Yang , Zhao Liu , Xiangzheng Zhang

Harmful fine-tuning attacks pose a major threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), allowing adversaries to compromise safety guardrails with minimal harmful data. While existing defenses attempt to reinforce LLM alignment,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuhui Wang , Rongyi Zhu , Ting Wang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become more integrated into our daily lives, it is crucial to identify and mitigate their risks, especially when the risks can have profound impacts on human users and societies. Guardrails, which filter the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Yi Dong , Ronghui Mu , Gaojie Jin , Yi Qi , Jinwei Hu , Xingyu Zhao , Jie Meng , Wenjie Ruan , Xiaowei Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) can acquire deceptive behaviors through backdoor attacks, where the model executes prohibited actions whenever secret triggers appear in the input. Existing safety training methods largely fail to address this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Guangyu Shen , Siyuan Cheng , Xiangzhe Xu , Yuan Zhou , Hanxi Guo , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

Safety guard models that detect malicious queries aimed at large language models (LLMs) are essential for ensuring the secure and responsible deployment of LLMs in real-world applications. However, deploying existing safety guard models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Seanie Lee , Haebin Seong , Dong Bok Lee , Minki Kang , Xiaoyin Chen , Dominik Wagner , Yoshua Bengio , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on tasks such as mathematics and code generation. Motivated by these strengths, recent work has empirically demonstrated the effectiveness of LRMs as guard models in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Jiawei Zhao , Yuang Qi , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

Large Language Models have found success in a variety of applications. However, their safety remains a concern due to the existence of various jailbreaking methods. Despite significant efforts, alignment and safety fine-tuning only provide…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Darpan Aswal , Céline Hudelot

We present SLEAN (Simple Lightweight Ensemble Analysis Network), a deterministic framework for coordinating multiple LLM providers through text-based prompt orchestration. Unlike complex multi-agent systems requiring specialized…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Matheus J. T. Vargas

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks but also pose significant risks of generating harmful content, particularly through jailbreak attacks. Jailbreak attacks refer to intentional manipulations that bypass…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Yi Nian , Shenzhe Zhu , Yuehan Qin , Li Li , Ziyi Wang , Chaowei Xiao , Yue Zhao

Guardrails have emerged as an alternative to safety alignment for content moderation of large language models (LLMs). Existing model-based guardrails have not been designed for resource-constrained computational portable devices, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Hayder Elesedy , Pedro M. Esperança , Silviu Vlad Oprea , Mete Ozay

The rapid proliferation of LLM-based autonomous agents in real operating system environments introduces a new category of safety risk beyond content safety: behavior jailbreak, where an adversary induces an agent to execute dangerous…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chiyu Zhang , Huiqin Yang , Bendong Jiang , Xiaolei Zhang , Yiran Zhao , Ruyi Chen , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Liming Fang , Zhe Liu

As the development of large language models (LLMs) rapidly advances, securing these models effectively without compromising their utility has become a pivotal area of research. However, current defense strategies against jailbreak attacks…

Ransomware remains a critical threat to cybersecurity, yet publicly available datasets for training machine learning-based ransomware detection models are scarce and often have limited sample size, diversity, and reproducibility. In this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Faithful Chiagoziem Onwuegbuche , Adelodun Olaoluwa , Anca Delia Jurcut , Liliana Pasquale

Safety backdoor attacks in large language models (LLMs) enable the stealthy triggering of unsafe behaviors while evading detection during normal interactions. The high dimensionality of potential triggers in the token space and the diverse…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Yi Zeng , Weiyu Sun , Tran Ngoc Huynh , Dawn Song , Bo Li , Ruoxi Jia

Detecting content generated by large language models (LLMs) is crucial for preventing misuse and building trustworthy AI systems. Although existing detection methods perform well, their robustness in out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Xin Chen , Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Zeyu Wu , Ziyang Luo , Di Wang , Min Yang , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the future of cybersecurity through Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs). We explore LLM applications across various domains, including hardware design security, intrusion detection,…

In deployment and application, large language models (LLMs) typically undergo safety alignment to prevent illegal and unethical outputs. However, the continuous advancement of jailbreak attack techniques, designed to bypass safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Chuhan Zhang , Ye Zhang , Bowen Shi , Yuyou Gan , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji , Dazhan Deng , Yingcai Wu

Information systems enable many organizational processes in every industry. The efficiencies and effectiveness in the use of information technologies create an unintended byproduct: misuse by existing users or somebody impersonating them -…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-24 Eduardo Lopez , Kamran Sartipi

Prompt injection attacks exploit vulnerabilities in large language models (LLMs) to manipulate the model into unintended actions or generate malicious content. As LLM integrated applications gain wider adoption, they face growing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-03 Daniel Wankit Yip , Aysan Esmradi , Chun Fai Chan

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional capabilities across various tasks but also pose risks by generating harmful content. Existing safety mechanisms, while improving model safety, often lead to overly cautious behavior and fail…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Peixuan Han , Cheng Qian , Xiusi Chen , Yuji Zhang , Heng Ji , Denghui Zhang