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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed behind safety guardrails such as system prompts and content filters, especially in settings where product teams cannot modify model weights. In practice these guardrails are typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Perry Abdulkadir

Insider threats wield an outsized influence on organizations, disproportionate to their small numbers. This is due to the internal access insiders have to systems, information, and infrastructure. %One example of this influence is where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Haywood Gelman , John D. Hastings

The volume of machine-generated content online has grown dramatically due to the widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), leading to new challenges for content moderation systems. Conventional content moderation classifiers, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Shaz Furniturewala , Arkaitz Zubiaga

In this paper, we study the problem of secure ML inference against a malicious client and a semi-trusted server such that the client only learns the inference output while the server learns nothing. This problem is first formulated by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-28 Guowen Xu , Xingshuo Han , Tianwei Zhang , Shengmin Xu , Jianting Ning , Xinyi Huang , Hongwei Li , Robert H. Deng

AI companions powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into users' daily lives, offering emotional support and companionship. While existing safety systems focus on overt harms, they rarely address early-stage…

Ensuring the safety of LLM-generated content is essential for real-world deployment. Most existing guardrail models formulate moderation as a fixed binary classification task, implicitly assuming a fixed definition of harmfulness. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Zhihao Ding , Jinming Li , Ze Lu , Jieming Shi

Detecting whether a model has been poisoned is a longstanding problem in AI security. In this work, we present a practical scanner for identifying sleeper agent-style backdoors in causal language models. Our approach relies on two key…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Blake Bullwinkel , Giorgio Severi , Keegan Hines , Amanda Minnich , Ram Shankar Siva Kumar , Yonatan Zunger

Large Language Model (LLM) agents use memory to learn from past interactions, enabling autonomous planning and decision-making in complex environments. However, this reliance on memory introduces a critical security risk: an adversary can…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Qianshan Wei , Tengchao Yang , Yaochen Wang , Xinfeng Li , Lijun Li , Zhenfei Yin , Yi Zhan , Thorsten Holz , Zhiqiang Lin , XiaoFeng Wang

Model merging has emerged as a powerful technique for combining specialized capabilities from multiple fine-tuned LLMs without additional training costs. However, the security implications of this widely-adopted practice remain critically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Jiaqing Li , Zhibo Zhang , Shide Zhou , Yuxi Li , Tianlong Yu , Kailong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to adversarial manipulations such as jailbreaking via prompt injection attacks. These attacks bypass safety mechanisms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Xin Wei Chia , Swee Liang Wong , Jonathan Pan

While the widespread deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) holds great potential for society, their vulnerabilities to adversarial manipulation and exploitation can pose serious safety, security, and ethical risks. As new threats…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Charankumar Akiri , Harrison Simpson , Kshitiz Aryal , Aarav Khanna , Maanak Gupta

Evaluations of large language model (LLM) risks and capabilities are increasingly being incorporated into AI risk management and governance frameworks. Currently, most risk evaluations are conducted by designing inputs that elicit harmful…

Large language models (LLMs) are popular for high-quality text generation but can produce harmful content, even when aligned with human values through reinforcement learning. Adversarial prompts can bypass their safety measures. We propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Mansi Phute , Alec Helbling , Matthew Hull , ShengYun Peng , Sebastian Szyller , Cory Cornelius , Duen Horng Chau

Vulnerability of Frontier language models to misuse and jailbreaks has prompted the development of safety measures like filters and alignment training in an effort to ensure safety through robustness to adversarially crafted prompts. We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 David Glukhov , Ziwen Han , Ilia Shumailov , Vardan Papyan , Nicolas Papernot

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) face significant safety vulnerabilities from malicious prompt attacks due to weakened alignment during visual integration. Existing defenses suffer from efficiency and robustness. To address these challenges,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Peigui Qi , Kunsheng Tang , Yanpu Yu , Jialin Wu , Yide Song , Wenbo Zhou , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Ensuring the safety and alignment of Large Language Models is a significant challenge with their growing integration into critical applications and societal functions. While prior research has primarily focused on jailbreak attacks, less…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Jiawei Chen , Zhengwei Fang , Yu Tian , Jiawei Du , Chao Yu , Zhaoxia Yin , Hang Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in real-world systems. Given their broader applicability, prompt engineering has become an efficient tool for resource-scarce organizations to adopt LLMs for their own purposes. At the same…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Piyush Jaiswal , Aaditya Pratap , Shreyansh Saraswati , Harsh Kasyap , Somanath Tripathy

The popularity of large language models (LLMs) continues to grow, and LLM-based assistants have become ubiquitous. Information security awareness (ISA) is an important yet underexplored area of LLM safety. ISA encompasses LLMs' security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Ofir Cohen , Gil Ari Agmon , Asaf Shabtai , Rami Puzis

Despite the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in various tasks, their vulnerability to unsafe prompts remains a critical issue. These prompts can lead LLMs to generate responses on illegal or sensitive topics, posing a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-10 Jinseok Kim , Jaewon Jung , Sangyeop Kim , Sohyung Park , Sungzoon Cho

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various cybersecurity tasks, including vulnerability classification, detection, and patching. However, their potential in automated vulnerability report…

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