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Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) improves final-answer accuracy on reasoning tasks, but it does not reliably improve reasoning quality. Because outcome rewards only assess final answers, they also reward spurious…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Chenlu Ye , Zhou Yu , Ziji Zhang , Hao Chen , Narayanan Sadagopan , Jing Huang , Tong Zhang , Anurag Beniwal

Learning to rank (LTR) plays a crucial role in various Information Retrieval (IR) tasks. Although supervised LTR methods based on fine-grained relevance labels (e.g., document-level annotations) have achieved significant success, their…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Yiteng Tu , Zhichao Xu , Tao Yang , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu , Qingyao Ai

The prevailing paradigm for training large reasoning models--combining Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR)--is fundamentally constrained by its reliance on high-quality, human-annotated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yuanfu Wang , Zhixuan Liu , Xiangtian Li , Chaochao Lu , Chao Yang

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences typically relies on external supervision, which faces critical limitations: human annotations are scarce and subjective, reward models are vulnerable to reward hacking, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often fail to align with human preferences, leading to issues like generating misleading content without proper visual context (also known as hallucination). A promising solution to this problem is using…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Murun Yang , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Quan Du , Di Yang , Jingbo Zhu

Reward models are critical for improving large language models (LLMs), particularly in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) or inference-time verification. Current reward modeling typically relies on scores of overall responses…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Chaoyang Zhou , Shunyu Liu , Zengmao Wang , Di Wang , Rong-Cheng Tu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Recent advances of Reinforcement Learning (RL) have highlighted its potential in complex reasoning tasks, yet effective training often relies on external supervision, which limits the broader applicability. In this work, we propose a novel…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Kongcheng Zhang , Qi Yao , Shunyu Liu , Yingjie Wang , Baisheng Lai , Jieping Ye , Mingli Song , Dacheng Tao

Reward models (RMs) are essential for aligning large language models (LLM) with human expectations. However, existing RMs struggle to capture the stochastic and uncertain nature of human preferences and fail to assess the reliability of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Xingzhou Lou , Dong Yan , Wei Shen , Yuzi Yan , Jian Xie , Junge Zhang

In the unsupervised self-evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models, the quality of feedback signals during post-training is pivotal for stable and effective learning. However, existing self-evolution methods predominantly rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Yunyao Yu , Zhengxian Wu , Zhuohong Chen , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Xiangwen Deng , Zhifang Liu , Senyuan Shi , Haoqian Wang

Generative foundation models are susceptible to implicit biases that can arise from extensive unsupervised training data. Such biases can produce suboptimal samples, skewed outcomes, and unfairness, with potentially serious consequences.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Hanze Dong , Wei Xiong , Deepanshu Goyal , Yihan Zhang , Winnie Chow , Rui Pan , Shizhe Diao , Jipeng Zhang , Kashun Shum , Tong Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to achieve remarkable reasoning in domains like mathematics and coding, where verifiable rewards provide clear signals. However, extending this paradigm to financial…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Rui Sun , Yifan Sun , Sheng Xu , Li Zhao , Jing Li , Daxin Jiang , Cheng Hua , Zuo Bai

Despite the significant progress made by existing retrieval augmented language models (RALMs) in providing trustworthy responses and grounding in reliable sources, they often overlook effective alignment with human preferences. In the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Tianyi Men , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) systems typically optimize scalar reward functions that assume precise and reliable evaluation of outcomes. However, real-world objectives--especially those derived from human preferences--are often uncertain,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Disha Singha

Post-training alignment of video generation models with human preferences is a critical goal. Developing effective Reward Models (RMs) for this process faces significant methodological hurdles. Current data collection paradigms, reliant on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Jiesong Lian , Ruizhe Zhong , Zixiang Zhou , Xiaoyue Mi , Long Hu , Yuan Zhou , Qinglin Lu , Yixue Hao , Junchi Yan

Long-form generation has become a critical and challenging application for Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing studies are limited by their reliance on scarce, high-quality long-form response data and their focus on coarse-grained,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Jianghao Chen , Wei Sun , Qixiang Yin , Zhixing Tan , Jiajun Zhang

An effective reward model plays a pivotal role in reinforcement learning for post-training enhancement of visual generative models. However, current approaches of reward modeling suffer from implementation complexity due to their reliance…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Runtao Liu , Jiahao Zhan , Yingqing He , Chen Wei , Alan Yuille , Qifeng Chen

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, noisy preferences in human feedback can lead to reward misgeneralization - a phenomenon where reward models learn spurious…

Despite the success of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) in aligning language models, current reward modeling heavily relies on experimental feedback data collected from human annotators under controlled and costly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Hao Wang , Licheng Pan , Zhichao Chen , Chunyuan Zheng , Zhixuan Chu , Xiaoxi Li , Yuan Lu , Xinggao Liu , Haoxuan Li , Zhouchen Lin

Aligning the behavior of Large language models (LLMs) with human intentions and values remains a critical challenge. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) aligns LLMs by training a reward model (RM) on human preferences and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Jiayi Zhou , Jiaming Ji , Juntao Dai , Dong Li , Yaodong Yang

Learning reward functions remains the bottleneck to equip a robot with a broad repertoire of skills. Large Language Models (LLM) contain valuable task-related knowledge that can potentially aid in the learning of reward functions. However,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-05-17 Yuwei Zeng , Yao Mu , Lin Shao