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Test-time scaling improves large language models' (LLMs) performance by allocating more compute budget during inference. To achieve this, existing methods often require intricate modifications to prompting and sampling strategies. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Junqi Jiang , Tom Bewley , Salim I. Amoukou , Francesco Leofante , Antonio Rago , Saumitra Mishra , Francesca Toni

Model-free RL-based recommender systems have recently received increasing research attention due to their capability to handle partial feedback and long-term rewards. However, most existing research has ignored a critical feature in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-28 Tianchi Cai , Shenliao Bao , Jiyan Jiang , Shiji Zhou , Wenpeng Zhang , Lihong Gu , Jinjie Gu , Guannan Zhang

Reward models learned from human preferences are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) via reinforcement learning from human feedback, yet they are often vulnerable to reward hacking due to noisy annotations and systematic biases…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Zhibin Duan , Guowei Rong , Zhuo Li , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou , Dandan Guo

Measuring alignment between language and vision is a fundamental challenge, especially as multimodal data becomes increasingly detailed and complex. Existing methods often rely on collecting human or AI preferences, which can be costly and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hyojin Bahng , Caroline Chan , Fredo Durand , Phillip Isola

Existing LLM-based agents have achieved strong performance on held-in tasks, but their generalizability to unseen tasks remains poor. Hence, some recent work focus on fine-tuning the policy model with more diverse tasks to improve the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yu Xia , Jingru Fan , Weize Chen , Siyu Yan , Xin Cong , Zhong Zhang , Yaxi Lu , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

The performance of modern machine learning systems depends on access to large, high-quality datasets, often sourced from user-generated content or proprietary, domain-specific corpora. However, these rich datasets inherently contain…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Zhan Shi , Yefeng Yuan , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cheng , Yi Fang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong math reasoning abilities through Reinforcement Learning with *Verifiable Rewards* (RLVR), many advanced mathematical problems are proof-based, with no guaranteed way to determine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Haotong Yang , Zitong Wang , Shijia Kang , Siqi Yang , Wenkai Yu , Xu Niu , Yike Sun , Yi Hu , Zhouchen Lin , Muhan Zhang

Reward models (RMs) are central to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), providing the critical supervision signals that align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Generative reward models (GRMs) provide greater…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Ai Jian , Jingqing Ruan , Xing Ma , Xiaoyun Zhang , Dailin Li , Weipeng Zhang , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing image editing and text-to-image (T2I) generation. However, current reward models, which act as critics during RL, often suffer from hallucinations and assign…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Xiangyu Zhao , Peiyuan Zhang , Junming Lin , Tianhao Liang , Yuchen Duan , Shengyuan Ding , Changyao Tian , Yuhang Zang , Junchi Yan , Xue Yang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) form the cornerstone of sequential decision-making agent development, they have inherent limitations in high-frequency decision tasks. Existing research mainly focuses on discrete embodied decision…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Yang Zhao , Zihao Li , Zhiyu Jiang , Dandan Ma , Ganchao Liu , Wenzhe Zhao

Self-Consistency improves reasoning reliability through multi-sample aggregation, but incurs substantial inference cost. Adaptive self-consistency methods mitigate this issue by adjusting the sampling budget; however, they rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Junseok Kim , Nakyeong Yang , Kyungmin Min , Kyomin Jung

Research into methods for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) through fine-tuning, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and soft-prompting has tended to focus on the use of highly technical or high-cost techniques,…

Consistency Models (CMs) have shown promise for efficient one-step generation. However, most existing CMs rely on manually designed discretization schemes, which can cause repeated adjustments for different noise schedules and datasets. To…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Jiayu Bai , Zhanbo Feng , Zhijie Deng , Tianqi Hou , Robert C. Qiu , Zenan Ling

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently shown that large language models (LLMs) can develop their own reasoning without direct supervision. However, applications in the medical domain, specifically for question…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Mirza Farhan Bin Tarek , Rahmatollah Beheshti

Self-evaluation, a model's ability to assess the correctness of its own output, is crucial for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) to achieve self-improvement in multi-turn conversations, yet largely absent in foundation models. Recent work has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Wenkai Wang , Hongcan Guo , Zheqi Lv , Shengyu Zhang

Prompt optimization improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) without requiring parameter updates to the target model. Following heuristic-based "Think step by step" approaches, the field has evolved in two main…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Andreea Nica , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Mario Baldwin , Saibo Geng , Robert West

Standard reward models typically predict scalar scores that fail to capture the multifaceted nature of response quality in non-verifiable domains, such as creative writing or open-ended instruction following. To address this limitation, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Ran Xu , Tianci Liu , Zihan Dong , Tony Yu , Ilgee Hong , Carl Yang , Linjun Zhang , Tao Zhao , Haoyu Wang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently strengthened LLM reasoning, but its focus on final answer correctness leaves a critical gap: it does not ensure the robustness of the reasoning process itself. We adopt a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Hyunseok Lee , Soheil Abbasloo , Jihoon Tack , Jinwoo Shin

Fine-grained visual reasoning remains a core challenge for multimodal large language models (MLLMs). The recently introduced ReasonMap highlights this gap by showing that even advanced MLLMs struggle with spatial reasoning in structured and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Sicheng Feng , Kaiwen Tuo , Song Wang , Lingdong Kong , Jianke Zhu , Huan Wang

Story generation aims to automatically produce coherent, structured, and engaging narratives. Although large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced text generation, stories generated by LLMs still diverge from human-authored…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Haotian Xia , Hao Peng , Yunjia Qi , Xiaozhi Wang , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li
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