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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, which enables them to generate intermediate thinking tokens before arriving at the final answer. However, LRMs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Alliot Nagle , Jakhongir Saydaliev , Dhia Garbaya , Michael Gastpar , Ashok Vardhan Makkuva , Hyeji Kim

Large language models (LLMs) can perform complex reasoning by generating intermediate reasoning steps. Providing these steps for prompting demonstrations is called chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. CoT prompting has two major paradigms. One…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-10 Zhuosheng Zhang , Aston Zhang , Mu Li , Alex Smola

The development of Long-CoT reasoning has advanced LLM performance across various tasks, including language understanding, complex problem solving, and code generation. This paradigm enables models to generate intermediate reasoning steps,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Yanbo Wang , Yongcan Yu , Jian Liang , Ran He

Recent reasoning large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable improvements in mathematical reasoning capabilities through long Chain-of-Thought. The reasoning tokens of these models enable self-correction within reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Yu Cui , Bryan Hooi , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their ability to perform complex reasoning tasks, transitioning from fast and intuitive thinking (System 1) to slow and deep reasoning (System 2). While System…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Rui Wang , Hongru Wang , Boyang Xue , Jianhui Pang , Shudong Liu , Yi Chen , Jiahao Qiu , Derek Fai Wong , Heng Ji , Kam-Fai Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities when trained with chain-of-thought (CoT) supervision. However, the long and verbose CoT traces, especially those distilled from large reasoning models (LRMs) such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Jinghan Jia , Hadi Reisizadeh , Chongyu Fan , Nathalie Baracaldo , Mingyi Hong , Sijia Liu

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in large language models' (LLMs) reasoning, which is largely due to the chain-of-thought (CoT) approaches, allowing models to generate intermediate reasoning steps before reaching the final…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Zuoli Tang , Junjie Ou , Kaiqin Hu , Chunwei Wu , Zhaoxin Huan , Chilin Fu , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Chenliang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning tasks requiring a single correct answer, but they perform poorly in multi-solution tasks that require generating comprehensive and diverse answers. We attribute this limitation to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Jiannan Guan , Qiguang Chen , Libo Qin , Dengyun Peng , Jinhao Liu , Liangyu Huo , Jian Xie , Wanxiang Che

Reasoning is a fundamental capability of Large Language Models. While prior research predominantly focuses on enhancing narrow skills like math or code generation, improving performance on many other reasoning tasks remains challenging due…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Junlong Li , Daya Guo , Dejian Yang , Runxin Xu , Yu Wu , Junxian He

We consider the question: when a large language reasoning model makes a choice, did it think first and then decide to, or decide first and then think? In this paper, we present evidence that detectable, early-encoded decisions shape…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Esakkivel Esakkiraja , Sai Rajeswar , Denis Akhiyarov , Rajagopal Venkatesaramani

Large language models (LLMs) often benefit from intermediate steps of reasoning to generate answers to complex problems. When these intermediate steps of reasoning are used to monitor the activity of the model, it is essential that this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Fabien Roger , Ryan Greenblatt

As reasoning modules, such as the chain-of-thought mechanism, are applied to large language models, they achieve strong performance on various tasks such as answering common-sense questions and solving math problems. The main challenge now…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Zhenjiang Mao , Anirudhh Venkat

Large language models have recently demonstrated significant gains in reasoning ability, often attributed to their capacity to generate longer chains of thought and engage in reflective reasoning. However, the contribution of reflections to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Liwei Kang , Yue Deng , Yao Xiao , Zhanfeng Mo , Wee Sun Lee , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) perform better when they produce step-by-step, "Chain-of-Thought" (CoT) reasoning before answering a question, but it is unclear if the stated reasoning is a faithful explanation of the model's actual reasoning…

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly solve difficult problems by producing "reasoning traces" before emitting a final response. However, it remains unclear how accuracy and decision commitment evolve along a reasoning trajectory, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Marthe Ballon , Brecht Verbeken , Vincent Ginis , Andres Algaba

Explicit reasoning models are trained to produce intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, but downstream fine-tuning is often performed on ordinary instruction-response data that contains no such traces. We show that this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Lukas Twist , Helen Yannakoudakis , Jie M. Zhang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is a common technique for improving the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extended reasoning is often unnecessary and substantially increases token usage. As such, a key question…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Samuel Lewis-Lim , Xingwei Tan , Zhixue Zhao , Nikolaos Aletras

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has been widely adopted to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the effectiveness of CoT reasoning is inconsistent across tasks with different reasoning types. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Yue Wan , Xiaowei Jia , Xiang Lorraine Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit strong linguistic abilities while remaining unreliable on multi-step reasoning tasks, particularly when deployed without additional training or fine-tuning. In this work, we study inference-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Vinay Sharma , Manish Jain