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Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended reasoning capabilities often generate verbose and redundant reasoning traces, incurring unnecessary computational cost. While existing reinforcement learning approaches address this by optimizing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Chengwei Wei , Jung-jae Kim , Longyin Zhang , Shengkai Chen , Nancy F. Chen

Reasoning-enhanced large language models (RLLMs), whether explicitly trained for reasoning or prompted via chain-of-thought (CoT), have achieved state-of-the-art performance on many complex reasoning tasks. However, we uncover a surprising…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Xiaomin Li , Zhou Yu , Zhiwei Zhang , Xupeng Chen , Ziji Zhang , Yingying Zhuang , Narayanan Sadagopan , Anurag Beniwal

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) solve complex tasks by generating long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) sequences; however, the emergent dynamics governing reasoning trajectories are not well understood and can lead to inconsistencies and reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 G M Shahariar , Erfan Shayegani , Ali Nazari , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Introducing reasoning models into Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhances task performance through step-by-step reasoning, logical consistency, and multi-step self-verification. However, recent studies have shown that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Xiaolei Zhang , Xiaojun Jia , Liquan Chen , Songze Li

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is useful for monitoring language models only when the reasoning trace faithfully reflects the computation that produces the final answer. However, models can rely on prompt-to-answer shortcuts that bypass…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Jinghan Jia , Joe Benton , Eric Easley

Long chain-of-thought~(CoT) has become a dominant paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capability of large reasoning models~(LRMs); however, the performance gains often come with a substantial increase in reasoning budget. Recent studies…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jie Cao , Tianwei Lin , Zhenxuan Fan , Bo Yuan , Ziyuan Zhao , Rolan Yan , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) "think" by generating structured chain-of-thought (CoT) before producing a final answer, yet they still lack the ability to reason critically about safety alignment and are easily biased when a flawed premise…

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to perform better when asked to reason step-by-step before answering a question. However, it is unclear to what degree the model's final answer is faithful to the stated reasoning steps. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Debjit Paul , Robert West , Antoine Bosselut , Boi Faltings

To improve the reasoning capabilities of large language models, test-time compute is typically scaled by generating intermediate tokens before the final answer. However, this couples reasoning to autoregressive generation and thereby…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Lukas Aichberger , Sepp Hochreiter

Understanding a program's runtime reasoning behavior, meaning how intermediate states and control flows lead to final execution results, is essential for reliable code generation, debugging, and automated reasoning. Although large language…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Mohammad Abdollahi , Khandaker Rifah Tasnia , Soumit Kanti Saha , Jinqiu Yang , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Reasoning is a key component of language understanding in Large Language Models. While Chain-of-Thought prompting enhances performance via explicit intermediate steps, it suffers from sufficient token overhead and a fixed reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Xinyuan Wang , Dongjie Wang , Wangyang Ying , Haoyue Bai , Nanxu Gong , Sixun Dong , Kunpeng Liu , Yanjie Fu

Recent generations of language models have introduced Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) that generate detailed thinking processes before providing answers. While these models demonstrate improved performance on reasoning benchmarks, their…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Parshin Shojaee , Iman Mirzadeh , Keivan Alizadeh , Maxwell Horton , Samy Bengio , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Recently, long-thought reasoning models achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks, but often incur substantial inference overhead, making efficiency a critical concern. Our empirical analysis reveals that the benefit of using…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Haotian Luo , Haiying He , Yibo Wang , Jinluan Yang , Rui Liu , Naiqiang Tan , Xiaochun Cao , Dacheng Tao , Li Shen

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has improved the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), but it remains unclear why it works and whether it is the unique mechanism for triggering reasoning in large language models. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Zhenghao He , Guangzhi Xiong , Bohan Liu , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown that test-time scaling can substantially improve model performance on complex tasks, particularly in the coding domain. Under this paradigm, models use a larger token budget during…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Jiaxin Fang , Runyuan He , Sahil Bhatia , Neel Gajare , Alvin Cheung

In current Large Language Models we can trust the production of smoothly flowing prose on the basis of the principles of machine learning. However, there is no comparably principled basis to justify trust in the content of the text…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Leslie G. Valiant

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as a key technique for eliciting complex reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). Although interpretable, its dependence on natural language limits the model's expressive bandwidth. Continuous…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Sharan Ramjee

We study the task of prompting large-scale language models to perform multi-step reasoning. Existing work shows that when prompted with a chain of thoughts (CoT), sequences of short sentences describing intermediate reasoning steps towards…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-31 Yao Fu , Hao Peng , Ashish Sabharwal , Peter Clark , Tushar Khot

Large reasoning models (LRMs) increasingly rely on step-by-step Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to improve task performance, particularly in high-resource languages such as English. While recent work has examined final-answer accuracy in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Raoyuan Zhao , Yihong Liu , Hinrich Schütze , Michael A. Hedderich