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Analog and mixed-signal (A/MS) integrated circuits (ICs) are crucial in modern electronics, playing key roles in signal processing, amplification, sensing, and power management. Many IC companies outsource manufacturing to third-party…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-30 Jayeeta Chaudhuri , Dhruv Thapar , Arjun Chaudhuri , Farshad Firouzi , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

Hardware Trojans (HTs) are undesired design or manufacturing modifications that can severely alter the security and functionality of digital integrated circuits. HTs can be inserted according to various design criteria, e.g., nets switching…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-04-27 Amin Sarihi , Peter Jamieson , Ahmad Patooghy , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

The advent of digital technologies has revolutionized traditional power distribution networks, transforming them into smart grids that are more reliable, efficient, and sustainable. Despite these advancements, electricity theft remains a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Tapadyoti Banerjee , Pabitra Mitra , Dipanwita Roy Chowdhury

Many computing systems need to be protected against physical attacks using active tamper detection based on sensors. One technical solution is to employ an ATR (Anti-Tamper Radio) approach, analyzing the radio wave propagation effects…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Maryam Shaygan Tabar , Johannes Kortz , Paul Staat , Harald Elders-Boll , Christof Paar , Christian Zenger

In recent years, Information Security has become a notable issue in the energy sector. After the invention of The Stuxnet worm in 2010, data integrity, privacy and confidentiality has received significant importance in the real-time…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2014-11-12 A. Anwar , A. N. Mahmood

With the rising popularity of machine learning and the ever increasing demand for computational power, there is a growing need for hardware optimized implementations of neural networks and other machine learning models. As the technology…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-18 Joseph Clements , Yingjie Lao

In this paper, we briefly introduce physical foundations of electromigration (EM) and present a few classical EMrelated theories. We discuss physical parameters affecting EM wire lifetime and we introduce some background related to the…

应用物理 · 物理学 2017-12-18 Karthik Airani , Rohit Guttal

Geomagnetic disturbances and E3 high-altitude electromagnetic pulse events pose a substantial threat to the electrical grid by adversely impacting and damaging high-voltage transmission networks and equipment. To evaluate the risks and…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-04-08 Adam Mate , Arthur K. Barnes , Russell W. Bent , Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez

Third-party intellectual property cores are essential building blocks of modern system-on-chip and integrated circuit designs. However, these design components usually come from vendors of different trust levels and may contain undocumented…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Wei Hu , Beibei Li , Lingjuan Wu , Yiwei Li , Xuefei Li , Liang Hong

Power transistors such as IGBTs and MOSFETs are a source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) during switching due to rapid voltage/current variations. Increasing the switching time can reduce the generation of EMI but increases losses.…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-07-28 Daniel Sting Martinez-Padron , Nicolas Patin , Eric Monmasson

The commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component based ecosystem provides an attractive system design paradigm due to the drastic reduction in development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, it brings in a growing concern of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-12-02 Mahmudul Hasan , Jonathan Cruz , Prabuddha Chakraborty , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

Additive Manufacturing (AM) systems such as 3D printers use inexpensive microcontrollers that rarely feature cybersecurity defenses. This is a risk, especially given the rising threat landscape within the larger digital manufacturing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-21 Hammond Pearce , Kaushik Yanamandra , Nikhil Gupta , Ramesh Karri

Modern information and communication technologies used by smart grids are subject to cybersecurity threats. This paper studies the impact of integrity attacks on real-time pricing (RTP), a key feature of smart grids that uses such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-02-10 Rui Tan , Varun Badrinath Krishna , David K. Y. Yau , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk

Flow-based generative models (FMs) have rapidly advanced as a method for mapping noise to data, its efficient training and sampling process makes it widely applicable in various fields. FMs can be viewed as a variant of diffusion models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Zhengyang Qi , Xiaohua Xu

Reliability is a fundamental requirement in any microprocessor to guarantee correct execution over its lifetime. The design rules related to reliability depend on the process technology being used and the expected operating conditions of…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-09-14 Freddy Gabbay , Avi Mendelson

Like all software systems, the execution of deep learning models is dictated in part by logic represented as data in memory. For decades, attackers have exploited traditional software programs by manipulating this data. We propose a live…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-29 Robby Costales , Chengzhi Mao , Raphael Norwitz , Bryan Kim , Junfeng Yang

As asynchronous event data is more frequently engaged in various vision tasks, the risk of backdoor attacks becomes more evident. However, research into the potential risk associated with backdoor attacks in asynchronous event data has been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Ruofei Wang , Qing Guo , Haoliang Li , Renjie Wan

Memory systems enable otherwise-stateless LLM agents to persist user information across sessions, but also introduce a new attack surface. We characterize the Trojan Hippo attack, a class of persistent memory attacks that operates in a more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Debeshee Das , Julien Piet , Darya Kaviani , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Florian Tramèr , David Wagner

The decentralization of modern power systems challenges the hierarchical structure of the electric grid and necessitates automated schemes to manage adverse conditions. This work proposes an adaptive isolation methodology that can divide a…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-02-05 Ioannis Zografopoulos , Charalambos Konstantinou

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of a new paradigm of building natural language processing (NLP) systems: general-purpose, pre-trained language models (LMs) are composed with simple downstream models and fine-tuned for a variety of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-12 Xinyang Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Shouling Ji , Ting Wang