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Reward-model-based fine-tuning is a central paradigm in aligning Large Language Models with human preferences. However, such approaches critically rely on the assumption that proxy reward models accurately reflect intended supervision, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Zixuan Liu , Siavash H. Khajavi , Guangkai Jiang , Xinru Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination stemming from misaligned self-awareness, particularly when processing queries exceeding their knowledge boundaries. While existing mitigation strategies employ uncertainty estimation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Hang Zheng , Hongshen Xu , Yuncong Liu , Lu Chen , Pascale Fung , Kai Yu

In this study, we address the challenge of enabling large language models (LLMs) to consistently adhere to emotional support strategies in extended conversations. We focus on the steerability of the Llama-2 and Llama-3 suite of models,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Navid Madani , Sougata Saha , Rohini Srihari

Emotional support is a crucial ability for many conversation scenarios, including social interactions, mental health support, and customer service chats. Following reasonable procedures and using various support skills can help to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-03 Siyang Liu , Chujie Zheng , Orianna Demasi , Sahand Sabour , Yu Li , Zhou Yu , Yong Jiang , Minlie Huang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at handling human queries, but they can occasionally generate flawed or unexpected responses. Understanding their internal states is crucial for understanding their successes, diagnosing their failures,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Xuansheng Wu , Jiayi Yuan , Wenlin Yao , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu

Reinforcement learning for control over continuous spaces typically uses high-entropy stochastic policies, such as Gaussian distributions, for local exploration and estimating policy gradient to optimize performance. Many robotic control…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Ya-Chien Chang , Sicun Gao

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential as tools to support an expanding range of decision-making tasks. Given their training on human (created) data, LLMs have been shown to inherit societal biases against protected…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Jessica Echterhoff , Yao Liu , Abeer Alessa , Julian McAuley , Zexue He

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit knowledge disparities across languages. Encouraging LLMs to \textit{abstain} when faced with knowledge gaps is a promising strategy to reduce hallucinations in multilingual settings. Current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Yuxi Sun , Aoqi Zuo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma

The advent of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has attracted considerable attention in various domains due to their remarkable performance and versatility. As the use of these models continues to grow, the importance of…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Jill Baumann , Oliver Kramer

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in performing complex tasks. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been effective in aligning LLMs with human preferences, it is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Chaoqi Wang , Zhuokai Zhao , Yibo Jiang , Zhaorun Chen , Chen Zhu , Yuxin Chen , Jiayi Liu , Lizhu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan , Hao Ma , Sinong Wang

Empathetic response generation is increasingly significant in AI, necessitating nuanced emotional and cognitive understanding coupled with articulate response expression. Current large language models (LLMs) excel in response expression;…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Zhou Yang , Zhaochun Ren , Wang Yufeng , Shizhong Peng , Haizhou Sun , Xiaofei Zhu , Xiangwen Liao

This paper examines the role of cognitive biases in the decision-making processes of large language models (LLMs), challenging the conventional goal of eliminating all biases. When properly balanced, we show that certain cognitive biases…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Hanyang Zhong , Liman Wang , Wenting Cao , Zeyuan Sun

Large language models trained on vast corpora inherently risk memorizing sensitive or harmful content, which may later resurface in their outputs. Prevailing unlearning methods generally rely on gradient ascent and its variants to lower the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Kemou Li , Qizhou Wang , Yue Wang , Fengpeng Li , Jun Liu , Bo Han , Jiantao Zhou

Preference optimization is widely used to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, many margin-based methods also suppress the chosen response when they try to suppress the rejected one, and there is no general…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Wei Chen , Yubing Wu , Junmei Yang , Delu Zeng , Qibin Zhao , John Paisley , Min Chen , Zhou Wang

Speech Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has demonstrated considerable efficacy in various downstream tasks. Nevertheless, prevailing self-supervised models often overlook the incorporation of emotion-related prior information, thereby…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-06-12 Rui Liu , Zening Ma

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, noisy preferences in human feedback can lead to reward misgeneralization - a phenomenon where reward models learn spurious…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various natural language understanding tasks. With only a few demonstration examples, these LLMs can quickly adapt to target tasks without expensive gradient updates. Common…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Yue Yu , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Zhen Qin , Jing Nathan Yan , Jialu Liu , Chao Zhang , Michael Bendersky

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive reasoning capabilities in well-defined problems with clear solutions, such as mathematics and coding. However, they still struggle with complex real-world scenarios like business…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Xiaoqian Liu , Ke Wang , Yongbin Li , Yuchuan Wu , Wentao Ma , Aobo Kong , Fei Huang , Jianbin Jiao , Junge Zhang

Applying existing methods to emotional support conversation -- which provides valuable assistance to people who are in need -- has two major limitations: (a) they generally employ a conversation-level emotion label, which is too…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-01 Quan Tu , Yanran Li , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang , Ji-Rong Wen , Rui Yan

Exposure bias describes the phenomenon that a language model trained under the teacher forcing schema may perform poorly at the inference stage when its predictions are conditioned on its previous predictions unseen from the training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-02 Yifan Xu , Kening Zhang , Haoyu Dong , Yuezhou Sun , Wenlong Zhao , Zhuowen Tu