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Regret minimization is a powerful method for finding Nash equilibria in Normal-Form Games (NFGs) and Extensive-Form Games (EFGs), but it typically guarantees convergence only for the average strategy. However, computing the average strategy…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Hang Ren , Yulin Wu , Shuhan Qi , Jiajia Zhang , Xiaozhen Sun , Tianzi Ma , Xuan Wang

Regret-based algorithms are highly efficient at finding approximate Nash equilibria in sequential games such as poker games. However, most regret-based algorithms, including counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) and its variants, rely on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-28 Chung-Wei Lee , Christian Kroer , Haipeng Luo

To establish last-iterate convergence for Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) algorithms in learning a Nash equilibrium (NE) of extensive-form games (EFGs), recent studies reformulate learning an NE of the original EFG as learning the…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Linjian Meng , Youzhi Zhang , Zhenxing Ge , Shangdong Yang , Tianyu Ding , Wenbin Li , Tianpei Yang , Bo An , Yang Gao

Designing efficient algorithms to find Nash equilibrium (NE) refinements in sequential games is of paramount importance in practice. Indeed, it is well known that the NE has several weaknesses, since it may prescribe to play sub-optimal…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2022-08-18 Martino Bernasconi , Alberto Marchesi , Francesco Trovò

No-regret learning has emerged as a powerful tool for solving extensive-form games. This was facilitated by the counterfactual-regret minimization (CFR) framework, which relies on the instantiation of regret minimizers for simplexes at each…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2017-11-10 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

In general, two-agent decision-making problems can be modeled as a two-player game, and a typical solution is to find a Nash equilibrium in such game. Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a well-known method to find a Nash…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2020-12-07 Huale Li , Xuan Wang , Shuhan Qi , Jiajia Zhang , Yang Liu , Yulin Wu , Fengwei Jia

Bargaining games, where agents attempt to agree on how to split utility, are an important class of games used to study economic behavior, which motivates a study of online learning algorithms in these games. In this work, we tackle when…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Serafina Kamp , Reese Liebman , Benjamin Fish

Self-play methods based on regret minimization have become the state of the art for computing Nash equilibria in large two-players zero-sum extensive-form games. These methods fundamentally rely on the hierarchical structure of the players'…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2019-10-29 Gabriele Farina , Chun Kai Ling , Fei Fang , Tuomas Sandholm

Nash equilibrium is perhaps the best-known solution concept in game theory. Such a solution assigns a strategy to each player which offers no incentive to unilaterally deviate. While a Nash equilibrium is guaranteed to always exist, the…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 David Sychrovský , Christopher Solinas , Revan MacQueen , Kevin Wang , James R. Wright , Nathan R. Sturtevant , Michael Bowling

Optimization of deep learning algorithms to approach Nash Equilibrium remains a significant problem in imperfect information games, e.g. StarCraft and poker. Neural Fictitious Self-Play (NFSP) has provided an effective way to learn…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-04-23 Yuxuan Chen , Li Zhang , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is an effective algorithm for solving extensive games with imperfect information (IIEGs). However, CFR is only allowed to be applied in known environments, where the transition function of the chance…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Chen Qiu , Xuan Wang , Tianzi Ma , Yaojun Wen , Jiajia Zhang

A dominant approach to solving large imperfect-information games is Counterfactural Regret Minimization (CFR). In CFR, many regret minimization problems are combined to solve the game. For very large games, abstraction is typically needed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-02 Ryan D'Orazio , Dustin Morrill , James R. Wright

In the domain of machine learning and game theory, the quest for Nash Equilibrium (NE) in extensive-form games with incomplete information is challenging yet crucial for enhancing AI's decision-making support under varied scenarios.…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Qi Ju , Zhemei Fang , Yunfeng Luo

A celebrated connection in the interface of online learning and game theory establishes that players minimizing swap regret converge to correlated equilibria (CE) -- a seminal game-theoretic solution concept. Despite the long history of…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Ioannis Anagnostides , Alkis Kalavasis , Tuomas Sandholm

Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE) is a refinement of the Nash equilibrium for imperfect-information extensive-form games (EFGs) that enforces consistency between the two components of a solution: agents' strategy profile describing their…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Christine Konicki , Mithun Chakraborty , Michael P. Wellman

Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) and its variants developed based upon Regret Matching (RM) have been considered to be the best method to solve incomplete information extensive form games. In addition to RM and CFR, Fictitious Play…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Qi Ju

Regret minimization has proved to be a versatile tool for tree-form sequential decision making and extensive-form games. In large two-player zero-sum imperfect-information games, modern extensions of counterfactual regret minimization (CFR)…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

We study the problem of computing an Extensive-Form Perfect Equilibrium (EFPE) in 2-player games. This equilibrium concept refines the Nash equilibrium requiring resilience w.r.t. a specific vanishing perturbation (representing mistakes of…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2016-11-16 Gabriele Farina , Nicola Gatti

Regret minimization is a powerful tool for solving large-scale extensive-form games. State-of-the-art methods rely on minimizing regret locally at each decision point. In this work we derive a new framework for regret minimization on…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2018-09-11 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

Regret matching (RM) -- and its modern variants -- is a foundational online algorithm that has been at the heart of many AI breakthrough results in solving benchmark zero-sum games, such as poker. Yet, surprisingly little is known so far in…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Ioannis Anagnostides , Emanuel Tewolde , Brian Hu Zhang , Ioannis Panageas , Vincent Conitzer , Tuomas Sandholm
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