相关论文: The Economic Value of Depth

This study introduces a metric designed to measure urban structures through the economic complexity lens, building on the foundational theories of urban spatial structure, the Central Place Theory (CPT) (Christaller, 1933). Despite the…

In algorithms for finite metric spaces, it is common to assume that the distance between two points can be computed in constant time, and complexity bounds are expressed only in terms of the number of points of the metric space. We…

This article aims to present a unified framework for grading-based voting processes. The idea is to represent the grades of each voter on d candidates as a point in R^d and to define the winner of the vote using the deepest point of the…

This article has one single purpose: introduce a new and simple, yet highly insightful approach to capture, fully and quantitatively, the dynamics of the circular flow of income in economies. The proposed approach relies mostly on basic…

Ranking or assessing centrality in multivariate and non-Euclidean data is difficult because there is no canonical order and many depth notions become computationally fragile in high-dimensional or structured settings. We introduce a…

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize and develop a few basic properties of the innerproduct space on a hypervector space. On this hypervector space we define the norm. Also we establish a important relation between normed…

Quantifying the improvement in human living standard, as well as the city growth in developing countries, is a challenging problem due to the lack of reliable economic data. Therefore, there is a fundamental need for alternate, largely…

Statistical data depth plays an important role in the analysis of multivariate data sets. The main outcome is a center-outward ordering of the observations that can be used both to highlight features of the underlying distribution of the…

In several recent publications, Bettencourt, West and collaborators claim that properties of cities such as gross economic production, personal income, numbers of patents filed, number of crimes committed, etc., show super-linear…

The goal of this study is to propose a new concept, Sustainable Economic Value, to define it logically, and to build a simplified model for its evaluation.

There are many benefits and costs that come from people and firms clustering together in space. Agglomeration economies, in particular, are the manifestation of centripetal forces that make larger cities disproportionately more wealthy than…

In this article, we explore two effective means to communicate the concept of walkability - 1) visualization, and 2) descriptive statistics. We introduce the concept of walkability as measuring the quality of an urban space based on the…

Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the inference of urban socioeconomic characteristics from satellite imagery. However, models relying solely on urbanization traits often show weak correlations with poverty indicators, as…

1.1 Background Parks and the greening of schoolyards are examples of urban green spaces that have been praised for their environmental, social, and economic benefits in cities all over the world. More studies show that living near green…

The halfspace depth is a well studied tool of nonparametric statistics in multivariate spaces, naturally inducing a multivariate generalisation of quantiles. The halfspace depth of a point with respect to a measure is defined as the infimum…

Recent studies have found evidence of a negative association between economic complexity and inequality at the country level. Moreover, evidence suggests that sophisticated economies tend to outsource products that are less desirable (e.g.…

Empirically, Deep Learning (DL) has demonstrated unprecedented success in practical applications. However, DL remains by and large a mysterious "black-box", spurring recent theoretical research to build its mathematical foundations. In this…

This paper proposes a framework dedicated to the construction of what we call discrete elastic inner product allowing one to embed sets of non-uniformly sampled multivariate time series or sequences of varying lengths into inner product…

Empirical analysis in economics often faces the difficulty that the data is correlated and heterogeneous in some unknown form. Spatial parametric approaches have been widely used to account for dependence structures, but the problem of…

Assuming that the ultimate purpose of the city is to provide support to human interaction and that opportunities to that social interaction are unevenly distributed across the urban fabric, this paper reports some attempts to describe such…