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The group identification problem asks to identify a socially qualified subgroup among a group of individuals based on their pairwise valuations. There are several different rules that can be used to determine the social qualification…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2022-10-03 Emil Junker

As modern social networks allow for faster and broader interactions with friends and acquaintances, online referral programs that promote sales through existing users are becoming increasingly popular. Because it is all too common that…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Yiguang Zhang , Augustin Chaintreau

Bias in grant allocation is a critical issue, as the expectation is that grants are given to the best researchers, and not to applicants that are socially, organizationally, or topic-wise near-by the decision-makers. In this paper, we…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2022-06-08 Charlie Mom , Peter van den Besselaar

Indirect reciprocity is a mechanism for cooperation in social dilemma situations, in which an individual is motivated to help another to acquire a good reputation and receive help from others afterwards. Ingroup favoritism is another aspect…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2012-11-20 Mitsuhiro Nakamura , Naoki Masuda

I study altruistic choices through the lens of a cognitively noisy decision-maker. I introduce a theoretical framework that demonstrates how increased cognitive noise can directionally affect altruistic decisions and put its implications to…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2025-01-03 Niklas M. Witzig

We consider the question of whether collusion among bidders (a "bidding ring") can be supported in equilibrium of unrepeated first-price auctions. Unlike previous work on the topic such as that by McAfee and McMillan [1992] and Marshall and…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2016-08-31 Kevin Leyton-Brown , Moshe Tennenholtz , Navin Bhat , Yoav Shoham

The fact that humans cooperate with non-kin in large groups, or with people they will never meet again, is a long-standing evolutionary puzzle with profound implications. Cooperation is linked to altruism, the capacity to perform costly…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2007-05-23 Angel Sanchez , Jose A. Cuesta

Decent social fairness is highly desired both for socio-economic activities and individuals, as it is one of the cornerstones of our social welfare and sustainability. How to effectively promote the level of fairness thus becomes a…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Guozhong Zheng , Jiqiang Zhang , Zhenwei Ding , Lin Ma , Li Chen

In-group favoritism refers to the phenomena of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members and is widely observed in numerous social cooperative behaviors. Recently, in-group favoritism biases have also been identified in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Shijun Lei , Hongyu Wang , Yunji Liang , Haowen Zheng , Bin Guo , Zhiwen Yu

Indirect reciprocity based on reputation is a leading mechanism driving human cooperation, where monitoring of behaviour and sharing reputation-related information are crucial. Because collecting information is costly, a tragedy of the…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2016-10-07 Mitsuhiro Nakamura , Ulf Dieckmann

The increasing application of machine learning techniques in everyday decision-making processes has brought concerns about the fairness of algorithmic decision-making. This paper concerns the problem of collider bias which produces spurious…

As Large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our lives, their inherent social biases remain a pressing concern. Detecting and evaluating these biases can be challenging because they are often implicit rather than…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Katherine Abramski , Giulio Rossetti , Massimo Stella

How should we decide which fairness criteria or definitions to adopt in machine learning systems? To answer this question, we must study the fairness preferences of actual users of machine learning systems. Stringent parity constraints on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-12-09 Angie Peng , Jeff Naecker , Ben Hutchinson , Andrew Smart , Nyalleng Moorosi

In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of both the public and scientific community that algorithmic systems can reproduce, amplify, or even introduce unfairness in our societies. These lecture notes provide an introduction…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2021-05-13 Hilde J. P. Weerts

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been used extensively in automatic decision making in a broad variety of scenarios, ranging from credit ratings for loans to recommendations of movies. Traditional design guidelines for AI models focus…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-09-27 Marisa Vasconcelos , Carlos Cardonha , Bernardo Gonçalves

People participate and activate in online social networks and thus tremendous amount of network data is generated; data regarding their interactions, interests and activities. Some people search for specific questions through online social…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2019-01-23 Mohsen Shahriari , Ralf Klamma , Matthias Jarke

Recent work shows that pricing with symmetric LLM agents leads to algorithmic collusion. We show that collusion is fragile under the heterogeneity typical of real deployments. In a stylized repeated-pricing model, heterogeneity in patience…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Jussi Keppo , Yuze Li , Gerry Tsoukalas , Nuo Yuan

We study the problem of selecting a member of a set of agents based on impartial nominations by agents from that set. The problem was studied previously by Alon et al. and Holzman and Moulin and has important applications in situations…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2013-11-01 Felix Fischer , Max Klimm

Despite significant popularity, the bug bounty process has remained broadly unchanged since its inception, with limited implementation of gamification aspects. Existing literature recognises that current methods generate intensive resource…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-09-23 Jamie O'Hare , Lynsay A. Shepherd

Research on fairness in machine learning has been recently extended to recommender systems. One of the factors that may impact fairness is bias disparity, the degree to which a group's preferences on various item categories fail to be…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-08-05 Masoud Mansoury , Bamshad Mobasher , Robin Burke , Mykola Pechenizkiy