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Code-switching (CS) is a common linguistic phenomenon exhibited by multilingual individuals, where they tend to alternate between languages within one single conversation. CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-08-02 Injy Hamed , Alia El Bolock , Cornelia Herbert , Slim Abdennadher , Ngoc Thang Vu

Code-switching (CSW) text generation has been receiving increasing attention as a solution to address data scarcity. In light of this growing interest, we need more comprehensive studies comparing different augmentation approaches. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Injy Hamed , Nizar Habash , Ngoc Thang Vu

Code-switching (CS) is the process of speakers interchanging between two or more languages which in the modern world becomes increasingly common. In order to better describe CS speech the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) theory introduces the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Olga Iakovenko , Thomas Hain

Multilingualism is widespread around the world and code-switching (CSW) is a common practice among different language pairs/tuples across locations and regions. However, there is still not much progress in building successful CSW systems,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 A. Seza Doğruöz , Sunayana Sitaram , Zheng-Xin Yong

Code translation aims to convert source code from one programming language (PL) to another. Given the promising abilities of large language models (LLMs) in code synthesis, researchers are exploring their potential to automate code…

In this work, we use language modeling to investigate the factors that influence insertional code-switching. Code-switching occurs when a speaker alternates between one language variety (the primary language) and another (the secondary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Debasmita Bhattacharya , Marten van Schijndel

Large language models (LLMs) have exerted a considerable impact on diverse language-related tasks in recent years. Their demonstrated state-of-the-art performance is achieved through methodologies such as zero-shot or few-shot prompting.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Arshad Kaji , Manan Shah

Code-switching (CS) is still a critical challenge in Natural Language Processing (NLP), due to the limited availability of large-scale, diverse CS datasets for robust training and evaluation. Despite recent advances, the capabilities and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Maite Heredia , Gorka Labaka , Jeremy Barnes , Aitor Soroa

As large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly, concerns regarding their safety have become prominent. In this paper, we discover that code-switching in red-teaming queries can effectively elicit undesirable behaviors of LLMs, which…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Haneul Yoo , Yongjin Yang , Hwaran Lee

The analysis of data in which multiple languages are represented has gained popularity among computational linguists in recent years. So far, much of this research focuses mainly on the improvement of computational methods and largely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-10 A. Seza Doğruöz , Sunayana Sitaram , Barbara E. Bullock , Almeida Jacqueline Toribio

Multilingual speakers tend to alternate between languages within a conversation, a phenomenon referred to as "code-switching" (CS). CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic challenges, but also contains a great deal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-14 Injy Hamed , Alia El Bolock , Nader Rizk , Cornelia Herbert , Slim Abdennadher , Ngoc Thang Vu

Code-switching, also called code-mixing, is the linguistics phenomenon where in casual settings, multilingual speakers mix words from different languages in one utterance. Due to its spontaneous nature, code-switching is extremely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Shuyue Stella Li , Cihan Xiao , Tianjian Li , Bismarck Odoom

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive multilingual capabilities, but they suffer from unexpected code-switching, also known as language mixing, which involves switching to unexpected languages in the model response. This problem…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Boyi Deng , Yu Wan , Baosong Yang , Fei Huang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng

Spoken code-switching (CSW) challenges syntactic parsing in ways not observed in written text. Disfluencies, repetition, ellipsis, and discourse-driven structure routinely violate standard Universal Dependencies (UD) assumptions, causing…

Code-switching (CS) is common in daily conversations where more than one language is used within a sentence. The difficulties of CS speech recognition lie in alternating languages and the lack of transcribed data. Therefore, this paper uses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-08 Liang-Hsuan Tseng , Yu-Kuan Fu , Heng-Jui Chang , Hung-yi Lee

Code-switching (CS), i.e. mixing different languages in a single sentence, is a common phenomenon in communication and can be challenging in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) settings. Previous studies on CS speech have shown promising…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Belen Alastruey , Matthias Sperber , Christian Gollan , Dominic Telaar , Tim Ng , Aashish Agarwal

Code-mixing is increasingly prevalent in interactions between humans and large language models, yet existing work often reduces it to a translation or convertibility problem, making it difficult to assess whether a model's switching…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Qingyan Yang , Tongxi Wang , Yunsheng Luo

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential in speech generation and recognition, their applications are mainly confined to monolingual scenarios, with limited explorations in code-switched (CS) contexts. In this paper, we…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-25 Jing Xu , Daxin Tan , Jiaqi Wang , Xiao Chen

Code switching (CS) is a very common phenomenon in written and spoken communication but one that is handled poorly by many natural language processing applications. Looking to the application of building CS corpora, we explore CS language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-05 Laurie Burchell , Alexandra Birch , Robert P. Thompson , Kenneth Heafield

Cutting-edge LLMs have emerged as powerful tools for multilingual communication and understanding. However, LLMs perform worse in Common Sense Reasoning (CSR) tasks when prompted in low-resource languages (LRLs) like Hindi or Swahili…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Tanay Nagar , Grigorii Khvatskii , Anna Sokol , Nitesh V. Chawla