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For the origin of the radially concentrated solar system's terrestrial planets, planet formation from a ring of solids at about 1 au from the Sun with convergent/suppressed type I migration is preferred. On the other hand, many super-Earths…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-07-23 Masahiro Ogihara , Alessandro Morbidelli , Masanobu Kunitomo

Planet formation models are now often considering the formation of planetary systems, with more than one planet per system. This raises the question of how to represent planetary systems in a convenient way, (e.g. for visualisation purpose)…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-04-10 Yann Alibert

Remnant planetesimals might have played an important role in reducing the orbital eccentricities of the terrestrial planets after their formation via giant impacts. However, the population and the size distribution of remnant planetesimals…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Ryuji Morishima , Max W. Schmidt , Joachim Stadel , Ben Moore

Understanding the origin of planets that have formed in binary stars is fundamental to constrain theories of binary and planet formation. The planet occurrence rate in binaries with a separation $\lesssim 50$ AU is only $\sim$ one third…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-12-19 Giacomo Fragione

Context. Protoplanetary discs are formed due to the fragmentation and collapse of giant molecular cloud cores. The physical properties and structure of a formed disc are of great importance when studying the onset of planet formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-21 A. Anyiszonyan , Zs. Sándor

To understand the evolution of planetary systems, it is important to investigate planets in highly evolved stellar systems, and to explore the implications of their observed properties with respect to potential formation scenarios.…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-06 Dominik Schleicher , Stefan Dreizler , Marcel Völschow , Robi Banerjee , Frederic V. Hessman

Planetesimal accretion during planet formation is usually treated as collisionless. Such accretion from a uniform and dynamically cold disk predicts protoplanets with slow retrograde rotation. However, if the building blocks of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-01-19 Hilke E. Schlichting , Re'em Sari

Our understanding of the process of terrestrial planet formation has grown markedly over the past 20 years, yet key questions remain. This review begins by first addressing the critical, earliest stage of dust coagulation and concentration.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-07 Matthew S. Clement , Andre Izidoro , Sean N. Raymond , Rogerio Deienno

We review the progresses made in global theoretical models of planetary system formation in the last decade using the example of the planetary system formation framework known as the Bern Model that has been continuously developed since…

The gravitational instability model of planet/brown dwarf formation proposes that protostellar discs can fragment into objects with masses above a few Jupiter masses at large semimajor axis. Tidal downsizing may reduce both the object mass…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Duncan Forgan , Richard Parker , Ken Rice

Earth-sized planets were observed in close-in orbits around M dwarfs. While more and more planets are expected to be uncovered around M dwarfs, theories of their formation and dynamical evolution are still in their infancy. We investigate…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-09-30 Yuji Matsumoto , Pin-Gao Gu , Eiichiro Kokubo , Shoichi Oshino , Masashi Omiya

Advances in extragalactic astronomy have prompted the development of increasingly realistic models which aim to describe the formation and evolution of galaxies. We review the philosophy behind one such technique, called semi-analytic…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 C. M. Baugh , A. J. Benson , S. Cole , C. S. Frenk , C. Lacey

Both simulations and observations indicate that stars form in filamentary, hierarchically clustered associations, most of which disperse into their galactic field once feedback destroys their parent clouds. However, during their early…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Jonathan M. Craig , Mark R. Krumholz

The last phase of the formation of rocky planets is dominated by collisions among Moon- to Mars-sized planetary embryos. Simulations of this phase need to handle the difficulty of including the post-impact material without saturating the…

We examine the accretion of cores of giant planets from planetesimals, gas accretion onto the cores, and their orbital migration. We adopt a working model for nascent protostellar disks with a wide variety of surface density distributions…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 S. Ida , D. N. C. Lin

We hypothesise that planets are made by tidal downsizing of migrating giant planet embryos. The proposed scheme for planet formation consists of these steps: (i) a massive young protoplanetary disc fragments at R ~ several tens to hundreds…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Sergei Nayakshin

Roughly half of Sun-like stars have at least one stellar companion, whereas it is widely assumed that most known exoplanets orbit single stars, largely due to observational biases. However, astrometric surveys, direct imaging, and speckle…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-01 Arianna Nigioni , Julia Venturini , Emeline Bolmont , Diego Turrini , Yann Alibert , Alexandre Emsenhuber

Mass transfer (MT) is a fundamental process in stellar evolution. While MT in circular orbits is well studied, observations indicate that it also occurs in eccentric ones, where theoretical models are limited. We present a new semi-analytic…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-02-04 A. Parkosidis , S. Toonen , F. Dosopoulou , E. Laplace

Super-Earths are found in tighter orbits than the Earth's around more than one third of main sequence stars. It has been proposed that super-Earths are scaled-up terrestrial planets that formed similarly, through mutual accretion of…

Planet-planet collisions are a common outcome of instability in systems of transiting planets close to the star, as well as occurring during in-situ formation of such planets from embryos. Previous N-body studies of instability amongst…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-23 Alexander J Mustill , Melvyn B Davies , Anders Johansen