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Accurate models of clinical actions and their impacts on disease progression are critical for estimating personalized optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) in medical/health research, especially in managing chronic conditions.…
Optimal treatment regimes (OTR) are individualised treatment assignment strategies that identify a medical treatment as optimal given all background information available on the individual. We discuss Bayes optimal treatment regimes…
An optimal dynamic treatment regime (DTR) is a sequence of decision rules aimed at providing the best course of treatments individualized to patients. While conventional DTR estimation uses longitudinal data, such data can also be…
In precision medicine, identifying optimal sequences of decision rules, termed dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs), is an important undertaking. One approach investigators may take to infer about optimal DTRs is via Bayesian dynamic Marginal…
In this work, we examine recently developed methods for Bayesian inference of optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs). DTRs are a set of treatment decision rules aimed at tailoring patient care to patient-specific characteristics, thereby…
Large health care data repositories such as electronic health records (EHR) open new opportunities to derive individualized treatment strategies for complicated diseases such as sepsis. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating…
In precision medicine, Dynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) are treatment protocols that adapt over time in response to a patient's observed characteristics. A DTR is a set of decision functions that takes an individual patient's information as…
Treatment planning uncertainties are typically managed using margin-based or robust optimization. Margin-based methods expand the clinical target volume (CTV) to a planning target volume, generally unsuited for proton therapy. Robust…
To achieve the goal of providing the best possible care to each patient, physicians need to customize treatments for patients with the same diagnosis, especially when treating diseases that can progress further and require additional…
Studies often report estimates of the average treatment effect. While the ATE summarizes the effect of a treatment on average, it does not provide any information about the effect of treatment within any individual. A treatment strategy…
Dynamic treatment regimes in oncology and other disease areas often can be characterized by an alternating sequence of treatments or other actions and transition times between disease states. The sequence of transition states may vary…
Phase I dose-finding trials in oncology seek to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a drug under a specific schedule. Evaluating drug-schedules aims at improving treatment safety while maintaining efficacy. However, while we can…
A dynamic treatment regime is a sequence of medical decisions that adapts to the evolving clinical status of a patient over time. To facilitate personalized care, it is crucial to assess the probability of each available treatment option…
Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are sequences of decision rules designed to tailor treatment based on patients' treatment history and evolving disease status. Ordinal outcomes frequently serve as primary endpoints in clinical trials and…
Truncation by death, a prevalent challenge in critical care, renders traditional dynamic treatment regime (DTR) evaluation inapplicable due to ill-defined potential outcomes. We introduce a principal stratification-based method, focusing on…
Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are critical to precision medicine, optimizing long-term outcomes through personalized, real-time decision-making in evolving clinical contexts, but require careful supervision for unsafe treatment risks.…
Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are sequences of functions that formalize the process of precision medicine. DTRs take as input patient information and output treatment recommendations. A major focus of the DTR literature has been on the…
Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and morbidity, with antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure management strategies having heterogeneous effects on patients. Previous authors exploited this heterogeneity to…
Geometric uncertainty can degrade treatment quality in radiation therapy. While margins and robust optimization mitigate these effects, they provide only implicit control over clinical goal fulfillment probability. We therefore develop a…
Dynamic treatment regimens (DTRs) aim at tailoring individualized sequential treatment rules that maximize cumulative beneficial outcomes by accommodating patients' heterogeneity in decision-making. For many chronic diseases including type…