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Difference-in-differences (DiD) is a popular approach to evaluate treatment effects in settings where both pre- and post-treatment measurements of the outcome are available. Despite its popularity, existing methods face important…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-03-31 Chan Park , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

The Difference-in-Differences (DiD) method is a fundamental tool for causal inference, yet its application is often complicated by missing data. Although recent work has developed robust DiD estimators for complex settings like staggered…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-01-27 Lorenzo Testa , Edward H. Kennedy , Matthew Reimherr

Differences-in-differences (DiD) is a causal inference method for observational longitudinal data that assumes parallel expected potential outcome trajectories between treatment groups under the counterfactual scenario where all units…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-05-12 Michael Jetsupphasuk , Didong Li , Michael G. Hudgens

The difference-in-differences (DID) method identifies the average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) under mainly the so-called parallel trends (PT) assumption. The most common and widely used approach to justify the PT assumption is…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2023-08-23 Kyunghoon Ban , Désiré Kédagni

Adjusting for confounding and imbalance when establishing statistical relationships is an increasingly important task, and causal inference methods have emerged as the most popular tool to achieve this. Causal inference has been developed…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-01-20 Daisuke Kurisu , Yidong Zhou , Taisuke Otsu , Hans-Georg Müller

Difference-in-differences (DID) is one of the most widely used causal inference frameworks in observational studies. However, most existing DID methods are designed for binary treatments and cannot be readily applied to non-binary treatment…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-12-01 Siyu Heng , Yuan Huang , Hyunseung Kang

Difference-in-differences (DiD) is a cornerstone of causal inference, yet extending it to functional outcomes is not a routine scalar generalization; rather, it entails three fundamental challenges in identification, inference, and…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-05-29 Junzhu Nie , Chengxiu Ling , Mengfei Ran

Difference-in-differences (DID) is one of the most popular tools used to evaluate causal effects of policy interventions. This paper extends the DID methodology to accommodate interval outcomes, which are often encountered in empirical…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-12-10 Daisuke Kurisu , Yuta Okamoto , Taisuke Otsu

Difference-in-differences (DID) is a popular approach to identify the causal effects of treatments and policies in the presence of unmeasured confounding. DID identifies the sample average treatment effect in the treated (SATT). However, a…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-06-21 Audrey Renson , Ellicott C. Matthay , Kara E. Rudolph

This paper develops doubly robust estimators for direct (DATT) and spillover (SATT) average treatment effects on the treated in network-based difference-in-differences (DiD) designs. Unlike standard DiD methods, the proposed approach…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-09-30 Kuan Sun , Zhiguo Xiao

Remarkable progress has been made in difference-in-differences (DID) approaches to causal inference that estimate the average effect of a treatment on the treated (ATT). Of these, the semiparametric DID (SDID) approach incorporates a…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-03-09 Takamichi Baba , Yoshiyuki Ninomiya

We introduce a geodesic synthetic control method for causal inference that extends existing synthetic control methods to scenarios where outcomes are elements in a geodesic metric space rather than scalars. Examples of such outcomes include…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-11-04 Daisuke Kurisu , Yidong Zhou , Taisuke Otsu , Hans-Georg Müller

The difference-in-differences (DID) design is widely used in observational studies to estimate the causal effect of a treatment when repeated observations over time are available. Yet, almost all existing methods assume linearity in the…

应用统计 · 统计学 2020-09-29 Soichiro Yamauchi

Difference-in-differences (DID) is a method to evaluate the effect of a treatment. In its basic version, a "control group" is untreated at two dates, whereas a "treatment group" becomes fully treated at the second date. However, in many…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-04-18 Clement de Chaisemartin , Xavier D'Haultfoeuille

Regression discontinuity designs have been widely used in observational studies to estimate causal effects of an intervention or treatment at a cutoff point. We propose a generalization of regression discontinuity designs to handle complex…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-06-24 Daisuke Kurisu , Yidong Zhou , Taisuke Otsu , Hans-Georg Müller

We consider the identification of average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) in difference-in-differences (DiD) settings in the presence of endogenous sample selection. We first establish that the conventional DiD estimand generally…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2026-02-17 Gayani Rathnayake , Akanksha Negi , Otavio Bartalotti , Xueyan Zhao

Difference-in-differences (DID) is commonly used to estimate treatment effects but is infeasible in settings where data are unpoolable due to privacy concerns or legal restrictions on data sharing, particularly across jurisdictions. In this…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-07-28 Sunny Karim , Matthew D. Webb , Nichole Austin , Erin Strumpf

Difference-in-differences (DiD) is arguably the most popular quasi-experimental research design. Its canonical form, with two groups and two periods, is well-understood. However, empirical practices can be ad hoc when researchers go beyond…

We develop a new identification strategy for average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) in panel data with discrete outcomes. Standard difference-in-differences (DiD) relies on parallel trends, which is frequently violated in…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2026-03-10 Young Ahn , Hiroyuki Kasahara

Difference-in-differences (DiD) is the most popular observational causal inference method in health policy, employed to evaluate the real-world impact of policies and programs. To estimate treatment effects, DiD relies on the "parallel…

应用统计 · 统计学 2024-08-09 Shuo Feng , Ishani Ganguli , Youjin Lee , John Poe , Andrew Ryan , Alyssa Bilinski
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