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Background fluorescence, especially when it exhibits undesired spatial features, is a primary factor for reduced image quality in optical microscopy. Structured background is particularly detrimental when analyzing single-molecule images…

光学 · 物理学 2020-03-25 Leonhard Möckl , Anish R. Roy , Petar N. Petrov , W. E. Moerner

Traceability to the International System of Units (SI) is fundamental to measurement accuracy and reliability. In this study, we demonstrate subnanometer traceability of localization microscopy, establishing a metrological foundation for…

We study the fundamental limit on the localization precision for a subwavelength scatterer embedded in a strongly scattering environment, using the external degrees of freedom provided by wavefront shaping. For a weakly scattering target,…

光学 · 物理学 2020-11-05 Dorian Bouchet , Rémi Carminati , Allard P. Mosk

Coherent interferometric scattering microscopy (iscat) enables nanoparticle tracking on microsecond timescales and with nanometer precision, and has become a key tool in structural and cellular biophysics. The achievable localization…

光学 · 物理学 2025-11-06 Felix Hitzelhammer , Jonathan Dong , Ulrich Hohenester , Thomas Juffmann

The common assumption that precision is the limit of accuracy in localization microscopy and the typical absence of comprehensive calibration of optical microscopes lead to a widespread issue - overconfidence in measurement results with…

Pixelated silicon detectors are state-of-the-art technology to achieve precise tracking and vertexing at collider experiments, designed to accurately measure the hit position of incoming particles in high rate and radiation environments.…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-12-08 I. Zoi , A. Ebrahimi , F. Feindt , E. Garutti , P. Gunnellini , A. Hinzmann , C. Niemeyer , D. Pitzl , J. Schwandt , G. Steinbrück

Fluorescence microscopy is essential in biological and medical research, providing critical insights into cellular structures. However, limited by optical diffraction and background noise, a substantial amount of hidden information is still…

生物物理 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Xiaofeng Zhang , Yongsheng Huang , Jielong Yang , Zhili Wang , Si Chen , Linbo Liu , Xin Ge

Single molecule localization microscopy is a recently developed superresolution imaging technique to visualize structural properties of single cells. The basic principle consists in chemically attaching fluorescent dyes to the molecules,…

Density-based clustering aims to find groups of similar objects (i.e., clusters) in a given dataset. Applications include, e.g., process mining and anomaly detection. It comes with two user parameters ({\epsilon}, MinPts) that determine the…

Precisely measuring the three-dimensional position and orientation of individual fluorophores is challenging due to the substantial photon shot noise in single-molecule experiments. Facing this limited photon budget, numerous techniques…

光学 · 物理学 2021-02-02 Oumeng Zhang , Matthew D. Lew

Particle tracking, which is an essential tool in many fields of scientific research, uses algorithms that retrieve the centroid of tracked particles with sub-pixel accuracy. However, images in which the particles occupy a small number of…

软凝聚态物质 · 物理学 2017-05-23 Yuval Yifat , Nishant Sule , Yihan Lin , Norbert F. Scherer

Image composition aims to seamlessly insert a user-specified object into a new scene, but existing models struggle with complex lighting (e.g., accurate shadows, water reflections) and diverse, high-resolution inputs. Modern text-to-image…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Shilin Lu , Zhuming Lian , Zihan Zhou , Shaocong Zhang , Chen Zhao , Adams Wai-Kin Kong

Super-resolution microscopy has revolutionized the imaging of complex physical and biological systems by surpassing the Abbe diffraction limit. Recent advancements, particularly in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), have pushed…

Optimal estimation of signal amplitude, background level, and photocentre location is crucial to the combined extraction of astrometric and photometric information from focal plane images, and in particular from the one-dimensional…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-04-05 Mario Gai , Deborah Busonero , Rossella Cancelliere

Structured illumination in Single Molecule Localization Microscopy provides new information on the position of molecules and thus improves the localization precision compared to standard localization methods. Here, we used a time-shifted…

Point Spread Function (PSF) engineering is used in single emitter localization to measure the emitter position in 3D and possibly other parameters such as the emission color or dipole orientation as well. Advanced PSF models such as spline…

Standard deviation measurements of intensity profiles of stationary single fluorescent molecules are useful for studying axial localization, molecular orientation, and a fluorescence imaging system's spatial resolution. Here we report on…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2015-05-13 Michael C. DeSantis , Shawn H. DeCenzo , Je-Luen Li , Y. M. Wang

Tracking single fluorescent molecules has offered resolution into dynamic molecular processes at the single-molecule level. This perspective traces the evolution of single-molecule tracking, highlighting key developments across various…

生物物理 · 物理学 2026-02-24 Lance W. Q. Xu , Steve Pressé

Existing super-resolution microscopy is often constrained by inherent trade-offs between resolution, acquisition speed, phototoxicity, and hardware complexity. Computational post-processing approaches offer a promising alternative, but they…

Fluorescence microscopy is a critical tool across various disciplines, from materials science to biomedical research, yet it is limited by the diffraction limit of resolution. Advanced super-resolution techniques such as localization…