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Binary neural networks (BNNs) that use 1-bit weights and activations have garnered interest as extreme quantization provides low power dissipation. By implementing BNNs as computing-in-memory (CIM), which computes multiplication and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-20 Minh-Son Le , Thi-Nhan Pham , Thanh-Dat Nguyen , Ik-Joon Chang

This paper presents an in-memory computing (IMC) architecture developed on an 8x8 array of 8T SRAM cells. This architecture enables both multi-bit parallel Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) operations and standard memory processing through…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Amogh K M , Sunita M S

In recent years, Compute-in-memory (CiM) architectures have emerged as a promising solution for deep neural network (NN) accelerators. Multiply-accumulate~(MAC) is considered a {\textit de facto} unit operation in NNs. By leveraging the…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-05 Dhandeep Challagundla , Ignatius Bezzam , Riadul Islam

Charge-domain compute-in-memory (CIM) SRAMs have recently become an enticing compromise between computing efficiency and accuracy to process sub-8b convolutional neural networks (CNNs) at the edge. Yet, they commonly make use of a fixed…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Adrian Kneip , Martin Lefebvre , Pol Maistriaux , David Bol

Computation-in-Memory (CiM) is attracting attention as a technology that can perform MAC calculations required for AI accelerators, at high speed with low power consumption. However, there is a problem regarding power consumption and…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Fuyuki Kihara , Seiji Uenohara , Satoshi Awamura , Naoko Misawa , Chihiro Matsui , Ken Takeuchi

Graph processing requires irregular, fine-grained random access patterns incompatible with contemporary off-chip memory architecture, leading to inefficient data access. This inefficiency makes graph processing an extremely memory-bound…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Changmin Shin , Jaeyong Song , Hongsun Jang , Dogeun Kim , Jun Sung , Taehee Kwon , Jae Hyung Ju , Frank Liu , Yeonkyu Choi , Jinho Lee

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) increases the requirement for edge computing with low power and relatively high processing speed devices. The Computing-In-Memory(CIM) schemes based on…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-08-27 Yewei Zhang , Kejie Huang , Rui Xiao , Haibin Shen

This paper discusses recent research that aims to enable computation close to data, an approach we broadly call processing-in-memory (PIM). PIM places computation mechanisms in or near where the data is stored (i.e., inside memory chips or…

Computing-in-memory (CIM) is renowned in deep learning due to its high energy efficiency resulting from highly parallel computing with minimal data movement. However, current SRAM-based CIM designs suffer from long latency for loading…

Processing in memory (PIM) moves computation into memories with the goal of improving throughput and energy-efficiency compared to traditional von Neumann-based architectures. Most existing PIM architectures are either general-purpose but…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2019-07-23 Oscar Castañeda , Maria Bobbett , Alexandra Gallyas-Sanhueza , Christoph Studer

The attention mechanism is a key computing kernel of Transformers, calculating pairwise correlations across the entire input sequence. The computing complexity and frequent memory access in computing self-attention put a huge burden on the…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Ashkan Moradifirouzabadi , Divya Sri Dodla , Mingu Kang

In-memory computing is a promising approach to addressing the processor-memory data transfer bottleneck in computing systems. We propose Spin-Transfer Torque Compute-in-Memory (STT-CiM), a design for in-memory computing with Spin-Transfer…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2017-11-22 Shubham Jain , Ashish Ranjan , Kaushik Roy , Anand Raghunathan

In this paper, we develop an in-memory analog computing (IMAC) architecture realizing both synaptic behavior and activation functions within non-volatile memory arrays. Spin-orbit torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (SOT-MRAM)…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-09-15 Mohammed Elbtity , Abhishek Singh , Brendan Reidy , Xiaochen Guo , Ramtin Zand

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, their dependence on Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) for accumulating partial sums from…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-03-21 Shubham Negi , Utkarsh Saxena , Deepika Sharma , Kaushik Roy

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) macros have gained popularity for deep learning acceleration due to their highly parallel computation and low power consumption. However, limited macro size and ADC precision introduce throughput and accuracy…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Ming-Han Lin , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-02-16 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Arijit Raychowdhury

As data-intensive applications increasingly strain conventional computing systems, processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as a promising paradigm to alleviate the memory wall by minimizing data transfer between memory and processing units.…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Thomas Neuner , Henriette Padberg , Lior Kornblum , Eilam Yalon , Pedram Khalili Amiri , Shahar Kvatinsky

In this paper, we propose a high-precision SRAM-based CIM macro that can perform 4x4-bit MAC operations and yield 9-bit signed output. The inherent discharge branches of SRAM cells are utilized to apply time-modulated MAC and 9-bit ADC…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-07-20 Xiaomeng Wang , Fengshi Tian , Xizi Chen , Jiakun Zheng , Xuejiao Liu , Fengbin Tu , Jie Yang , Mohamad Sawan , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Chi-Ying Tsui

Triangle counting (TC) is a fundamental problem in graph analysis and has found numerous applications, which motivates many TC acceleration solutions in the traditional computing platforms like GPU and FPGA. However, these approaches suffer…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-07-22 Xueyan Wang , Jianlei Yang , Yinglin Zhao , Yingjie Qi , Meichen Liu , Xingzhou Cheng , Xiaotao Jia , Xiaoming Chen , Gang Qu , Weisheng Zhao

In-memory computing promises to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck in computer systems by performing computations directly within the memory. Previous research has suggested using Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) for in-memory computing…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Dhruv Gajaria , Kevin Antony Gomez , Tosiron Adegbija