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We propose a new Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulation of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), with which we overcame the best formulation of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) in terms of the minimum number of…

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known NP-Hard combinatorial optimisation problem, with industrial use cases such as last-mile delivery. Although TSP has been studied extensively on quantum computers, it is rare to find…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-09 Daniel Goldsmith , Xing Liang , Dimitrios Makris , Hongwei Wu

Quantum computing is offering a novel perspective for solving combinatorial optimization problems. To fully explore the possibilities offered by quantum computers, the problems need to be formulated as unconstrained binary models, taking…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-02-01 Özlem Salehi , Adam Glos , Jarosław Adam Miszczak

Combinatorial optimization problems are typically formulated using Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO), where constraints are enforced through penalty terms that introduce auxiliary variables and rapidly increase Hamiltonian…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-10 Shashank Sanjay Bhat , Peiyong Wang , Joseph West , Udaya Parampalli

In the field of quantum computing, combinatorial optimization problems are typically addressed using QUBO (Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization) solvers. However, these solvers are often insufficient for tackling higher-order…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-07-24 Yuichiro Minato

We present a map from the travelling salesman problem (TSP), a prototypical NP-complete combinatorial optimisation task, to the ground state associated with a system of many-qudits. Conventionally, the TSP is cast into a quadratic…

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a prototypical combinatorial optimization problem, but its quantum implementation is limited by the O(n^2)-qubit overhead of standard one-hot encodings. Here, we propose a resource-efficient…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-04 Yuefeng Lin , Chao Zheng , Cong Guo

Optimisation algorithms designed to work on quantum computers or other specialised hardware have been of research interest in recent years. Many of these solver can only optimise problems that are in binary and quadratic form. Quadratic…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-06-23 Mayowa Ayodele

An increasingly popular method for solving a constrained combinatorial optimisation problem is to first convert it into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation (QUBO) problem, and solve it using a standard QUBO solver. However, this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-22 Tian Huang , Siong Thye Goh , Sabrish Gopalakrishnan , Tao Luo , Qianxiao Li , Hoong Chuin Lau

The paper proposes a quantum algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) based on the Grover Adaptive Search (GAS), which can be successfully executed on IBM's Qiskit library. Under the GAS framework, there are at least two…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-12-07 Jieao Zhu , Yihuai Gao , Hansen Wang , Tiefu Li , Hao Wu

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a fundamental challenge in combinatorial optimization, widely applied in logistics and transportation. As the size of TSP instances grows, traditional algorithms often struggle to produce high-quality…

This paper studies quantum optimization baselines for the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP), a clustered routing problem that naturally models variant selection and sequencing problems under discrete alternatives. We propose a…

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a popular NP-hard-combinatorial optimization problem that requires finding the optimal way for a salesman to travel through different cities once and return to the initial city. The existing methods…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-28 Kapil Goswami , Gagan Anekonda Veereshi , Peter Schmelcher , Rick Mukherjee

We study the application of emerging photonic and quantum computing architectures to solving the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), a well-known NP-hard optimization problem. We investigate several approaches: Simulated Annealing (SA),…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-03 Venkat Padmasola , Zhaotong Li , Rupak Chatterjee , Wesley Dyk

This paper explores the application of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models in solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) through Quantum Annealing algorithms and Graph Neural Networks. Quantum Annealing (QA), a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-01 Haoqi He

In this paper, we present a brief review and introduction to Quadratic Unconstrained D-ary Optimization (QUDO), Tensor Quadratic Unconstrained D-ary Optimization (T-QUDO) and Higher-Order Unconstrained Binary Optimization (HOBO)…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Alejandro Mata Ali

The famous Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is an important category of optimization problems that is mostly encountered in various areas of science and engineering. Studying optimization problems motivates to develop advanced techniques…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-05-29 Karthik Srinivasan , Saipriya Satyajit , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most often-used NP-Hard problems in computer science to study the effectiveness of computing models and hardware platforms. In this regard, it is also heavily used as a vehicle to study the…

Solving combinatorial optimization problems of the kind that can be codified by quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) is a promising application of quantum computation. Some problems of this class suitable for practical…

In this paper, we propose a hybrid framework to solve large-scale permutation-based combinatorial problems effectively using a high-performance quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) solver. To do so, transformations are…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2021-07-07 Siong Thye Goh , Sabrish Gopalakrishnan , Jianyuan Bo , Hoong Chuin Lau
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