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Gradient-based hyperparameter optimization (HPO) have emerged recently, leveraging bilevel programming techniques to optimize hyperparameter by estimating hypergradient w.r.t. validation loss. Nevertheless, previous theoretical works mainly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Yubo Zhou , Jun Shu , Junmin Liu , Deyu Meng

Bilevel optimization has recently attracted growing interests due to its wide applications in modern machine learning problems. Although recent studies have characterized the convergence rate for several such popular algorithms, it is still…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-01 Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang

This paper provides a review and commentary on the past, present, and future of numerical optimization algorithms in the context of machine learning applications. Through case studies on text classification and the training of deep neural…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-02-12 Léon Bottou , Frank E. Curtis , Jorge Nocedal

Bilevel optimization is a key framework in hierarchical decision-making, where one problem is embedded within the constraints of another. In this work, we propose a control-theoretic approach to solving bilevel optimization problems. Our…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-03-25 Sina Sharifi , Nazanin Abolfazli , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani , Mahyar Fazlyab

In this paper, we study a class of bilevel optimization problems, also known as simple bilevel optimization, where we minimize a smooth objective function over the optimal solution set of another convex constrained optimization problem.…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-04-25 Ruichen Jiang , Nazanin Abolfazli , Aryan Mokhtari , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani

Gradient-free optimizers allow for tackling problems regardless of the smoothness or differentiability of their objective function, but they require many more iterations to converge when compared to gradient-based algorithms. This has made…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Gawel Kus , Miguel A. Bessa

Derivative-free Riemannian optimization (DFRO) aims to minimize an objective function using only function evaluations, under the constraint that the decision variables lie on a Riemannian manifold. The rapid increase in problem dimensions…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-01-14 Timothé Taminiau , Estelle Massart , Geovani Nunes Grapiglia

In this paper, we focus on the nonconvex-nonconvex bilevel optimization problem (BLO), where both upper-level and lower-level objectives are nonconvex, with the upper-level problem potentially being nonsmooth. We develop a two-timescale…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-24 Nachuan Xiao , Xiaoyin Hu , Xin Liu , Kim-Chuan Toh

Many strategic decision-making problems, such as environment design for warehouse robots, can be naturally formulated as bi-level reinforcement learning (RL), where a leader agent optimizes its objective while a follower solves a Markov…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Mikoto Kudo , Takumi Tanabe , Akifumi Wachi , Youhei Akimoto

Bilevel optimization has emerged as a technique for addressing a wide range of machine learning problems that involve an outer objective implicitly determined by the minimizer of an inner problem. While prior works have primarily focused on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Fares El Khoury , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter , Michael Arbel

Bilevel optimization (BLO) problem, where two optimization problems (referred to as upper- and lower-level problems) are coupled hierarchically, has wide applications in areas such as machine learning and operations research. Recently, many…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-05-19 Xiaotian Jiang , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Prashant Khanduri , Mingyi Hong

Adversarial training (AT) is a widely recognized defense mechanism to gain the robustness of deep neural networks against adversarial attacks. It is built on min-max optimization (MMO), where the minimizer (i.e., defender) seeks a robust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-06 Yihua Zhang , Guanhua Zhang , Prashant Khanduri , Mingyi Hong , Shiyu Chang , Sijia Liu

In this work we derive a second-order approach to bilevel optimization, a type of mathematical programming in which the solution to a parameterized optimization problem (the "lower" problem) is itself to be optimized (in the "upper"…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-05-06 Robert Dyro , Edward Schmerling , Nikos Arechiga , Marco Pavone

Estimating hyperparameters has been a long-standing problem in machine learning. We consider the case where the task at hand is modeled as the solution to an optimization problem. Here the exact gradient with respect to the hyperparameters…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-11-16 Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Lindon Roberts

Federated bilevel optimization (FBO) has shown great potential recently in machine learning and edge computing due to the emerging nested optimization structure in meta-learning, fine-tuning, hyperparameter tuning, etc. However, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-29 Yifan Yang , Peiyao Xiao , Kaiyi Ji

Deformable image registration is inherently a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem, requiring a delicate balance between image similarity and deformation regularity. These conflicting objectives often lead to poor optimization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-24 Yi Zhang , Yidong Zhao , Qian Tao

In this paper, we study the Multi-Objective Bi-Level Optimization (MOBLO) problem, where the upper-level subproblem is a multi-objective optimization problem and the lower-level subproblem is for scalar optimization. Existing gradient-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-11 Feiyang Ye , Baijiong Lin , Xiaofeng Cao , Yu Zhang , Ivor Tsang

Machine unlearning (MU) has emerged to enhance the privacy and trustworthiness of deep neural networks. Approximate MU is a practical method for large-scale models. Our investigation into approximate MU starts with identifying the steepest…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Zhehao Huang , Xinwen Cheng , JingHao Zheng , Haoran Wang , Zhengbao He , Tao Li , Xiaolin Huang

Stochastic optimization of engineering systems is often infeasible due to repeated evaluations of a computationally expensive, high-fidelity simulation. Bi-fidelity methods mitigate this challenge by leveraging a cheaper, approximate model…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-12-19 Thomas O. Dixon , Geoffrey F. Bomarito , James E. Warner , Alex A. Gorodetsky

In response to the increasingly critical demand for accurate prediction of GPU memory resources in deep learning tasks, this paper deeply analyzes the current research status and innovatively proposes a deep learning model that integrates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Chao Wang , Zhizhao Wen , Ruoxin Zhang , Puyang Xu , Yifan Jiang