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The Horton-Strahler (HS) number, a classical measure of branching complexity arising in hydrology and register allocation, is studied for butterfly trees, a recursive family of binary trees generated by block-merging operations. These trees…

概率论 · 数学 2026-04-21 John Peca-Medlin

The Horton-Strahler (HS) index $r=\max{(i,j)}+\delta_{i,j}$ has been shown to be relevant to a number of physical (such at diffusion limited aggregation) geological (river networks), biological (pulmonary arteries, blood vessels, various…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Z. Toroczkai

The Horton-Strahler analysis is a graph-theoretic method to measure the bifurcation complexity of branching patterns, by defining a number called the order to each branch. The main result of this paper is a large deviation theorem for the…

概率论 · 数学 2020-04-02 Ken Yamamoto

The register function (or Horton-Strahler number) of a binary tree is a well-known combinatorial parameter. We study a reduction procedure for binary trees which offers a new interpretation for the register function as the maximal number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-12-21 Benjamin Hackl , Clemens Heuberger , Helmut Prodinger

The register function (or Horton-Strahler number) of a binary tree is a well-known combinatorial parameter. We study a reduction procedure for binary trees which offers a new interpretation for the register function as the maximal number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-05-12 Benjamin Hackl , Clemens Heuberger , Helmut Prodinger

Self-similarity of random trees is related to the operation of pruning. Pruning $R$ cuts the leaves and their parental edges and removes the resulting chains of degree-two nodes from a finite tree. A Horton-Strahler order of a vertex $v$…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-06-22 Yevgeniy Kovchegov , Ilya Zaliapin

The Horton-Strahler number -- also called the register function -- is a combinatorial tool that quantifies the branching complexity of a rooted tree. We study the law of the Horton-Strahler number of stable Galton-Watson trees conditioned…

概率论 · 数学 2025-09-10 Robin Khanfir

The Colijn--Plazzotta ranking is a bijective encoding of the unlabeled binary rooted trees with positive integers. We show that the rank $f(t)$ of a tree $t$ is closely related to its height $h$, the length of the longest path from a leaf…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-09-30 Luc Devroye , Michael R. Doboli , Noah A. Rosenberg , Stephan Wagner

Asymptotic analysis on some statistical properties of the random binary-tree model is developed. We quantify a hierarchical structure of branching patterns based on the Horton-Strahler analysis. We introduce a transformation of a binary…

数学物理 · 物理学 2013-06-03 Ken Yamamoto , Yoshihiro Yamazaki

We introduce and investigate the approximability of the maximum binary tree problem (MBT) in directed and undirected graphs. The goal in MBT is to find a maximum-sized binary tree in a given graph. MBT is a natural variant of the…

Imitating a recently introduced invariant of trees, we initiate the study of the inducibility of $d$-ary trees (rooted trees whose vertex outdegrees are bounded from above by $d\geq 2$) with a given number of leaves. We determine the exact…

Hex-trees are identified as a particular instance of weighted unary-binary trees. The Horton-Strahler numbers of these objects are revisited, and, thanks to a substitution that is not immediately intuitive, explicit results are possible.…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-08-24 Helmut Prodinger

A central limit theorem for binary tree is numerically examined. Two types of central limit theorem for higher-order branches are formulated. A topological structure of a binary tree is expressed by a binary sequence, and the…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2013-04-10 Ken Yamamoto , Yoshihiro Yamazaki

In this paper we examine planted binary plane trees. First, we provide an exact formula for the number of planted binary trees with given Horton-Strahler orders. Then, using the notion of entropy, we examine the structural complexity of…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2018-05-24 Evgenia V. Chunikhina

Peca suggested in a recent paper on the arxiv to consider binary butterfly trees and their Horton-Strahler numbers. The trees are obtained by glueing two binary trees together in a special way; the results are again binary trees but with a…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-22 Helmut Prodinger

Trees without vertices of degree $2$ are sometimes named topological trees. In this work, we bring forward the study of the inducibility of (rooted) topological trees with a given number of leaves. The inducibility of a topological tree $S$…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-02-20 Audace Amen Vioutou Dossou-Olory , Stephan Wagner

A di-sk tree is a rooted binary tree whose nodes are labeled by $\oplus$ or $\ominus$, and no node has the same label as its right child. The di-sk trees are in natural bijection with separable permutations. We construct a combinatorial…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-09-15 Shishuo Fu , Zhicong Lin , Yaling Wang

We study some essential arithmetic properties of a new tree-based number representation, {\em hereditarily binary numbers}, defined by applying recursively run-length encoding of bijective base-2 digits. Our representation expresses giant…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2013-06-06 Paul Tarau

Plane increasing trees are rooted labeled trees embedded into the plane such that the sequence of labels is increasing on any branch starting at the root. Relaxed binary trees are a subclass of unlabeled directed acyclic graphs. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-07-12 Michael Wallner

A compacted binary tree is a directed acyclic graph encoding a binary tree in which common subtrees are factored and shared, such that they are represented only once. We show that the number of compacted binary trees of size $n$ grows…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-04 Andrew Elvey Price , Wenjie Fang , Michael Wallner
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