相关论文: Estimating Population Burden of Stroke with an Age…
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical condition that affects up to 20% of hospitalised patients. AKI is associated with short term unplanned hospital readmission and post-discharge mortality risk. Patient risk and healthcare…
This paper proposes a framewrok for analyzing how the welfare effects of policy interventions are distributed across individuals when those effects are unobserved. Rather than focusing solely on average outcomes, the approach uses readily…
Understanding evacuation decision-making behaviour is one of the key components for designing disaster mitigation policies. This study investigates how communications between household agents in a community influence self-evacuation…
Patients do not access physicians at random but rather via naturally emerging networks of patient flows between them. As retirements, mass quarantines and absence due to sickness during pandemics, or other shocks thin out these networks,…
We consider the problem of designing a randomized experiment on a source population to estimate the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) on a target population. We propose a novel approach which explicitly considers the target when designing the…
Clinical decision-making is a feedback system where risk estimates influence treatment, which in turn changes disease trajectories, and both shape clinicians' measurement practices. Static prediction often fails clinically: models trained…
We consider a setting where agents take action by following their role models in a social network, and study strategies for a social planner to help agents by revealing whether the role models are positive or negative. Specifically, agents…
We conducted a prospective analysis of incident dementia and its association with 65 sociodemographic, early-life, economic, health and behavioral, social, and genetic risk factors in a sample of 7,908 adults over the age of 50 from the…
As the global population ages, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered agents have emerged as potential tools to support older adults' caregiving. Prior research has explored agent autonomy by identifying key interaction stages in task…
Most microscopic pedestrian navigation models use the concept of "forces" applied to the pedestrian agents to replicate the navigation environment. While the approach could provide believable results in regular situations, it does not…
For survival, a living agent must have the ability to assess risk (1) by temporally anticipating accidents before they occur, and (2) by spatially localizing risky regions in the environment to move away from threats. In this paper, we take…
Agent-based models are a natural choice for modeling complex social systems. In such models simple stochastic interaction rules for a large population of individuals can lead to emergent dynamics on the macroscopic scale, for instance a…
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Accurate outcome and evolution prediction has the potential to revolutionize stroke care by individualizing clinical decision-making leading to better outcomes. However, despite a…
Evaluations often inform future program implementation decisions. However, the implementation context may differ, sometimes substantially, from the evaluation study context. This difference leads to uncertainty regarding the relevance of…
Extreme heat events are increasing in frequency and intensity under climate change, but the socio-behavioral mechanisms that shape community resilience remain insufficiently understood. This study uses a Large Language Model-enhanced…
Driver support systems that include human states in the support process is an active research field. Many recent approaches allow, for example, to sense the driver's drowsiness or awareness of the driving situation. However, so far, this…
Agent-based simulations have been used in modeling transportation systems for traffic management and passenger flows. In this work, we hope to shed light on the complex factors that influence transportation mode decisions within developing…
Bet-hedging is a phenotype diversification strategy that combines a fast-growing vulnerable phenotype with a slow-growing resistant phenotype. In environments switching between favorable and unfavorable conditions, bet-hedging optimizes…
We focus on how individual behavior that complies with social norms interferes with performance-based incentive mechanisms in organizations with multiple distributed decision-making agents. We model social norms to emerge from interactions…
Recent work has considered theoretical models for the behavior of agents with specific behavioral biases: rather than making decisions that optimize a given payoff function, the agent behaves inefficiently because its decisions suffer from…