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After years of development, FPGAs are finally making an appearance on multi-tenant cloud servers. These heterogeneous FPGA-CPU architectures break common assumptions about isolation and security boundaries. Since the FPGA and CPU…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-02-20 Zane Weissman , Thore Tiemann , Daniel Moghimi , Evan Custodio , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) such as ARM TrustZone are widely used in IoT and embedded devices to protect sensitive code and data. However, most existing defenses focus on secure boot or REE-side monitoring and provide little…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Jingkai Mao , Xiaolin Chang

A decade after its academic introduction, RowHammer (RH) remains a moving target that continues to challenge both the industry and academia. With its potential to serve as a critical attack vector, the ever-decreasing RH threshold now…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Michael Jaemin Kim , Seungmin Baek , Jumin Kim , Hwayong Nam , Nam Sung Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Read disturbance in modern DRAM chips is a widespread phenomenon and is reliably used for breaking memory isolation, a fundamental building block for building robust systems. RowHammer and RowPress are two examples of read disturbance in…

Existing approaches to distributed matrix computations involve allocating coded combinations of submatrices to worker nodes, to build resilience to stragglers and/or enhance privacy. In this study, we consider the challenge of preserving…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-08-09 Anindya Bijoy Das , Aditya Ramamoorthy , David J. Love , Christopher G. Brinton

RowHammer is a circuit-level DRAM vulnerability, where repeatedly activating and precharging a DRAM row, and thus alternating the voltage of a row's wordline between low and high voltage levels, can cause bit flips in physically nearby…

The demand for precise information on DRAM microarchitectures and error characteristics has surged, driven by the need to explore processing in memory, enhance reliability, and mitigate security vulnerability. Nonetheless, DRAM…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Hwayong Nam , Seungmin Baek , Minbok Wi , Michael Jaemin Kim , Jaehyun Park , Chihun Song , Nam Sung Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Despite achieving remarkable success in various domains, recent studies have uncovered the vulnerability of deep neural networks to adversarial perturbations, creating concerns on model generalizability and new threats such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-21 Xiao Wang , Siyue Wang , Pin-Yu Chen , Yanzhi Wang , Brian Kulis , Xue Lin , Peter Chin

We suggest a technique to reduce the storage size of sparse matrices at no loss of information. We call this technique Diagonally-Adressed (DA) storage. It exploits the typically low matrix bandwidth of matrices arising in applications. For…

数值分析 · 数学 2025-01-24 Jens Saak , Jonas Schulze

Iterative jailbreak methods that repeatedly rewrite and input prompts into large language models (LLMs) to induce harmful outputs -- using the model's previous responses to guide each new iteration -- have been found to be a highly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Masahiro Kaneko , Zeerak Talat , Timothy Baldwin

Path-tracking control of wheeled mobile robot (WMR) has gained a lot of research attention, primarily because of its wide applicability -- for example intelligent wheelchairs, exploration-assistant remote WMR. Recent increase in remote and…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-05-02 Yu Zheng , Olugbenga Moses Anubi

Recently, there is an emerging interest in adversarially training a classifier with a rejection option (also known as a selective classifier) for boosting adversarial robustness. While rejection can incur a cost in many applications,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-15 Jiefeng Chen , Jayaram Raghuram , Jihye Choi , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is gaining popularity due to its ability to offer computing within the memory and its non-volatile nature. The unique properties of RRAM, such as binary switching, multi-state switching, and device…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Simranjeet Singh , Farhad Merchant , Sachin Patkar

Current LLM safety defenses fail under decomposition attacks, where a malicious goal is decomposed into benign subtasks that circumvent refusals. The challenge lies in the existing shallow safety alignment techniques: they only detect harm…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Chen Yueh-Han , Nitish Joshi , Yulin Chen , Maksym Andriushchenko , Rico Angell , He He

Ransomware core capability, unauthorized encryption, demands controls that identify and block malicious cryptographic activity without disrupting legitimate use. We present a probabilistic, risk-based access control architecture that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Kenan Begovic , Abdulaziz Al-Ali , Qutaibah Malluhi

With the rise of third parties in the machine learning pipeline, the service provider in "Machine Learning as a Service" (MLaaS), or external data contributors in online learning, or the retraining of existing models, the need to ensure the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-05-20 Jialin Wen , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Minhui Xue , Alina Oprea , Haifeng Qian

Malware detectors based on deep learning (DL) have been shown to be susceptible to malware examples that have been deliberately manipulated in order to evade detection, a.k.a. adversarial malware examples. More specifically, it has been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Daniel Gibert , Giulio Zizzo , Quan Le

Logging systems are an essential component of security systems and their security has been widely studied. Recently (2017) it was shown that existing secure logging protocols are vulnerable to crash attack in which the adversary modifies…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-11-01 Sepideh Avizheh , Reihaneh Safavi-Naini , Shuai Li

The escalating sophistication of cyber-attacks and the widespread utilization of stealth tactics have led to significant security threats globally. Nevertheless, the existing static detection methods exhibit limited coverage, and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Jian Wang , Lingzhi Wang , Husheng Yu , Xiangmin Shen , Yan Chen

Vulnerabilities emanating from DRAM errors pose a vexing problem that remains, as of yet, unsolved and elusive but cannot be ignored. Prior defenses focused on specific details of early RowHammer attacks and fail to generalize with the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Manuel Wiesinger , Daniel Dorfmeister , Stefan Brunthaler