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Security analysts face increasing pressure to triage large and complex vulnerability backlogs. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a potential aid by automating parts of the interpretation process. We evaluate four models (ChatGPT, Claude,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Osama Al Haddad , Muhammad Ikram , Ejaz Ahmed , Young Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities across diverse applications. However, concerns regarding their security, particularly the vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, persist. Drawing inspiration from adversarial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Yujun Zhou , Yufei Han , Haomin Zhuang , Kehan Guo , Zhenwen Liang , Hongyan Bao , Xiangliang Zhang

Large language model (LLM) systems increasingly power everyday AI applications such as chatbots, computer-use assistants, and autonomous robots, where performance often depends on manually well-crafted prompts. LLM-based prompt optimizers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Andrew Zhao , Reshmi Ghosh , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Keegan Hines , Gao Huang , Jack W. Stokes

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many reasoning tasks but struggle with knowledge-intensive queries due to their inability to dynamically access up-to-date or domain-specific information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Minghao Guo , Qingcheng Zeng , Xujiang Zhao , Yanchi Liu , Wenchao Yu , Mengnan Du , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng

The increasing sophistication of large vision-language models (LVLMs) has been accompanied by advances in safety alignment mechanisms designed to prevent harmful content generation. However, these defenses remain vulnerable to sophisticated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Quanchen Zou , Zonghao Ying , Moyang Chen , Wenzhuo Xu , Yisong Xiao , Yakai Li , Deyue Zhang , Dongdong Yang , Zhao Liu , Xiangzheng Zhang

LLM-as-a-Judge has been widely adopted across various research and practical applications, yet the robustness and reliability of its evaluation remain a critical issue. A core challenge it faces is bias, which has primarily been studied in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Peng Lai , Zhihao Ou , Yong Wang , Longyue Wang , Jian Yang , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen

Relevance judgments are crucial for evaluating information retrieval systems, but traditional human-annotated labels are time-consuming and expensive. As a result, many researchers turn to automatic alternatives to accelerate method…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to be effective evaluators across various domains such as machine translations or the scientific domain. Current LLM-as-a-Judge approaches rely mostly on individual assessments or a single round of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Isik Baran Sandan , Tu Anh Dinh , Jan Niehues

Prompt engineering is a challenging and important task due to the high sensitivity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to the given prompt and the inherent ambiguity of a textual task instruction. Automatic prompt engineering is essential to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Elad Levi , Eli Brosh , Matan Friedmann

Despite advances in AI alignment, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks or jailbreaking, in which adversaries can modify prompts to induce unwanted behavior. While some defenses have been proposed, they have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Andy Zhou , Bo Li , Haohan Wang

Legal syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning commonly used by legal professionals to analyze cases. In this paper, we propose legal syllogism prompting (LoT), a simple prompting method to teach large language models (LLMs) for legal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-18 Cong Jiang , Xiaolei Yang

Previous insertion-based and paraphrase-based backdoors have achieved great success in attack efficacy, but they ignore the text quality and semantic consistency between poisoned and clean texts. Although recent studies introduce LLMs to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Zhengxian Wu , Juan Wen , Wanli Peng , Ziwei Zhang , Yinghan Zhou , Yiming Xue

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) for relevance assessments offers promising opportunities to improve Information Retrieval (IR), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and related fields. Indeed, LLMs hold the promise of allowing IR…

The system prompt in Large Language Models (LLMs) plays a pivotal role in guiding model behavior and response generation. Often containing private configuration details, user roles, and operational instructions, the system prompt has become…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Badhan Chandra Das , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are documented to struggle in settings that require complex reasoning. Nevertheless, instructing the model to break down the problem into smaller reasoning steps, or ensembling various generations through…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Ranjita Naik , Varun Chandrasekaran , Mert Yuksekgonul , Hamid Palangi , Besmira Nushi

LLM-as-a-judge has become a promising paradigm for using large language models (LLMs) to evaluate natural language generation (NLG), but the uncertainty of its evaluation remains underexplored. This lack of reliability may limit its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Huanxin Sheng , Xinyi Liu , Hangfeng He , Jieyu Zhao , Jian Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of applications, e.g., medical question-answering, mathematical sciences, and code generation. However, they also exhibit inherent limitations, such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Yang Jiao , Xiaodong Wang , Kai Yang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based judgments leverage powerful LLMs to efficiently evaluate candidate content and provide judgment scores. However, the inherent biases and vulnerabilities of LLM-generated judgments raise concerns,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Dawei Li , Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Bohan Jiang , Baixiang Huang , Pingchuan Ma , Abdullah Alnaibari , Kai Shu , Huan Liu

The evaluation bottleneck in recommendation systems has become particularly acute with the rise of Generative AI, where traditional metrics fall short of capturing nuanced quality dimensions that matter in specialized domains like legal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Anu Pradhan , Alexandra Ortan , Apurv Verma , Madhavan Seshadri

As large language models take on growing roles as automated evaluators in practical settings, a critical question arises: Can individuals persuade an LLM judge to assign unfairly high scores? This study is the first to reveal that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Yerin Hwang , Dongryeol Lee , Taegwan Kang , Yongil Kim , Kyomin Jung