相关论文: Optimal Dosing Schedules for Substances Inducing T…

Determining the optimal initial dose for warfarin is a critically important task. Several factors have an impact on the therapeutic dose for individual patients, such as patients' physical attributes (Age, Height, etc.), medication profile,…

An early phase clinical trial is the first step in evaluating the effects in humans of a potential new anti-disease agent or combination of agents. Usually called "phase I" or "phase I/II" trials, these experiments typically have the…

In the absence of drugs and vaccines, policymakers use non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing to decrease rates of disease-causing contact, with the aim of reducing or delaying the epidemic peak. These measures carry…

Chemotherapeutic response of cancer cells to a given compound is one of the most fundamental information one requires to design anti-cancer drugs. Recent advances in producing large drug screens against cancer cell lines provided an…

Practically, all chemotherapeutic agents lead to drug resistance. Clinically, it is a challenge to determine whether resistance arises prior to, or as a result of, cancer therapy. Further, a number of different intracellular and…

Adaptive therapy improves cancer treatment by controlling the competition between sensitive and resistant cells through treatment holidays. This study highlights the critical role of treatment-holiday thresholds in adaptive therapy for…

Dual agent dose-finding trials study the effect of a combination of more than one agent, where the objective is to find the Maximum Tolerated Dose Combination (MTC), the combination of doses of the two agents that is associated with a…

Cancer and healthy cells have distinct distributions of molecular properties and thus respond differently to drugs. Cancer drugs ideally kill cancer cells while limiting harm to healthy cells. However, the inherent variance among cells in…

In agent control issues, the idea of combining reinforcement learning and planning has attracted much attention. Two methods focus on micro and macro action respectively. Their advantages would show together if there is a good cooperation…

FDA's Project Optimus initiative for oncology drug development emphasizes selecting a dose that optimizes both efficacy and safety. When an inferentially adaptive Phase 2/3 design with dose selection is implemented to comply with the…

Diabetes cases worldwide have risen steadily over the past decades, lending urgency to the search for more efficient, effective, and personalized ways to treat the disease. Current treatment strategies, however, may fail to maintain…

Warfarin, an anticoagulant medication, is formulated to prevent and address conditions associated with abnormal blood clotting, making it one of the most prescribed drugs globally. However, determining the suitable dosage remains…

Dose-finding clinical trials in oncology aim to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a new drug, generally defined by the proportion of patients with short-term dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Model-based approaches for such phase…

Causal inference problems often involve continuous treatments, such as dose, duration, or frequency. However, identifying and estimating standard dose-response estimands requires that everyone has some chance of receiving any level of the…

Feedback in cellular processes is typically inferred through cellular responses to experimental perturbations. Modular response analysis provides a theoretical framework for translating specific perturbations into feedback sensitivities…

Suppose that we intend to perform an experiment consisting of a set of independent trials. The mean value of the response of each trial is assumed to be equal to the sum of the effect of the treatment selected for the trial, and some…

An agent must try new behaviors to explore and improve. In high-stakes environments, an agent that violates safety constraints may cause harm and must be taken offline, curtailing any future interaction. Imitating old behavior is safe, but…

We consider an online resource allocation problem where multiple resources, each with an individual initial capacity, are available to serve random requests arriving sequentially over multiple discrete time periods. At each time period, one…

While many novel therapies have been approved in recent years for treating patients with multiple myeloma, there is still no established curative regimen, especially for patients with high risk disease. In this work, we use a mathematical…

In this paper, we demonstrate how the state-of-the-art machine learning and text mining techniques can be used to build effective social media-based substance use detection systems. Since a substance use ground truth is difficult to obtain…