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Net-proton number fluctuations can be measured experimentally and hence provide a source of important information about the matter created during relativistic heavy ion collisions. Particularly, they may give us clues about the conjectured…

核理论 · 物理学 2019-07-19 Michał Szymański , Marcus Bluhm , Krzysztof Redlich , Chihiro Sasaki

I review recent progress in thermalization in heavy-ion collisions, with particular emphasis on hydrodynamic attractor, and also report recent progress in hydrodynamic fluctuations.

核理论 · 物理学 2021-02-03 Yukinao Akamatsu

The evolution of non-hydrodynamic slow processes near the QCD critical point is explored with the novel Hydro+ framework, which extends the conventional hydrodynamic description by coupling it to additional explicitly evolving slow modes…

核理论 · 物理学 2020-12-01 Lipei Du , Ulrich Heinz , Krishna Rajagopal , Yi Yin

Fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities are fundamental to the study of QGP phase transition. Event-by-event fluctuations of many quantities have been studied by dedicated heavy-ion experiments. A brief review of recent experimental…

核实验 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Tapan K. Nayak

These lectures were originally given at TASI and are directed at a level suitable for graduate students in High Energy Physics. They are intended to give an introduction to the theory and phenomenology of quantum chromodynamics (QCD),…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-08-23 Peter Skands

Strongly interacting matter undergoes a crossover phase transition at high temperatures $T\sim 10^{12}$ K and zero net-baryon density. A fundamental question in the theory of strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), is whether a…

We report on recent progress in the study of the evolution of non-Gaussian cumulants of critical fluctuations. We explore the implications of non-equilibrium effects on the search for the QCD critical point.

核理论 · 物理学 2016-11-23 Swagato Mukherjee , Raju Venugopalan , Yi Yin

We give a pedagogical review of relativistic hydrodynamics relevant to relativistic heavy ion collisions. Topics discussed include linear response theory derivation of 2nd order viscous hydrodynamics including the Kubo formulas, kinetic…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-07-22 Sangyong Jeon , Ulrich Heinz

We present a novel approach to the treatment of thermal fluctuations in the (3+1)-D viscous hydrodynamic simulation MUSIC. The phenomenological impact of thermal fluctuations on hadronic observables is investigated using the IP-Glasma +…

核理论 · 物理学 2019-02-20 Mayank Singh , Chun Shen , Scott McDonald , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

I give an introduction to the basic concepts of fluid dynamics as applied to the dynamical description of relativistic nuclear collisions.

核理论 · 物理学 2009-10-31 D. H. Rischke

The field of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is introduced to the high-energy physics students with no prior knowledge in this area. The emphasis is on the two most important observables, namely the azimuthal collective flow and jet…

核理论 · 物理学 2014-04-17 Rajeev S. Bhalerao

I first sketch recent developments concerning the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter as a function of temperature and baryon density, obtained using a model for two-flavor QCD in which the interaction between quarks is modelled on…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Krishna Rajagopal

This article traces the development of fluctuation theory and its deep connection to irreversibility, from equilibrium to near-equilibrium, and finally to far-from-equilibrium systems. Classical fluctuation theorems, which capture the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-30 Sounak Bandyopadhyay , Arnab Ghosh

We discuss the non-equilibrium critical phenomena in liquids, and the models for these phenomena based on local equilibrium and extended scaling assumptions. Special situations are proposed for experimental tests of the theory.…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Alexander Patashinski

We revisit the problem of particlization of a QCD fluid into hadrons and resonances at the end of the fluid dynamical stage in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in a context of fluctuation measurements. The existing methods sample an ideal…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-04-21 Volodymyr Vovchenko , Volker Koch

Relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics including hydrodynamic fluctuations is formulated by putting an emphasis on non-linearity and causality. As a consequence of causality, dissipative currents become dynamical variables and noises…

核理论 · 物理学 2013-04-12 Koichi Murase , Tetsufumi Hirano

Background: Quantum Chromodynamics is expected to have a phase transition in the same static universality class as the 3D Ising model and the liquid-gas phase transition. The properties of the equation of state, the transport coefficients,…

核理论 · 物理学 2012-12-11 Joseph I. Kapusta , Juan M. Torres-Rincon

The fluctuation-dissipation theorem requires the presence of thermal noise in viscous fluids. The time and length scales of heavy ion collisions are small enough so that the thermal noise can have a measurable effect on observables. Thermal…

核理论 · 物理学 2015-04-16 C. Young , J. I. Kapusta , C. Gale , S. Jeon , B. Schenke

Ten years ago, relativistic viscous fluid dynamics was formulated from first principles in an effective field theory framework, based entirely on the knowledge of symmetries and long-lived degrees of freedom. In the same year, numerical…

核理论 · 物理学 2019-05-21 Paul Romatschke , Ulrike Romatschke

A critical point in the phase diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), if established either theoretically or experimentally, would be as profound a discovery as the good-old gas-liquid critical point. Unlike the latter, however,…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2023-07-19 Rajiv V. Gavai