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Industrial Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) often comprise hundreds of thousands to millions of nets and millions to tens of millions of connectivity edges, making empirical evaluation of hardware-Trojan (HT) detectors on realistic designs both…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Yaroslav Popryho , Debjit Pal , Inna Partin-Vaisband

Always-on hardware Trojans (HTs) pose a critical risk to trusted microelectronics, yet most side-channel detection methods rely on unavailable golden references. We present a reference-free approach that combines time-frequency EM analysis…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Mahsa Tahghigh , Hassan Salmani

Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware, such as microprocessors, are widely adopted in system design due to their ability to reduce development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, supply chain entities involved in the…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Mahmudul Hasan , Sudipta Paria , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

A globally distributed IC supply chain brings risks due to untrusted third parties. The risks span inadvertent use of hardware Trojan (HT), inserted Intellectual Property (3P-IP) or Electronic Design Automation (EDA) flows. HT can introduce…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-18 Jitendra Bhandari , Rajat Sadhukhan , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami , Ramesh Karri

This work focuses on advancing security research in the hardware design space by formally defining the realistic problem of Hardware Trojan (HT) detection. The goal is to model HT detection more closely to the real world, i.e., describing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Peter Jamieson , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

The global semiconductor supply chain involves design and fabrication at various locations, which leads to multiple security vulnerabilities, e.g., Hardware Trojan (HT) insertion. Although most HTs target digital circuits, HTs can be…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-10-09 Enahoro Oriero , Faiq Khalid , Syed Rafay Hasan

A potential vulnerability for integrated circuits (ICs) is the insertion of hardware trojans (HTs) during manufacturing. Understanding the practicability of such an attack can lead to appropriate measures for mitigating it. In this paper,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-08-22 Alexander Hepp , Tiago Perez , Samuel Pagliarini , Georg Sigl

Hardware trojans are malicious circuits which compromise the functionality and security of an integrated circuit (IC). These circuits are manufactured directly into the silicon and cannot be fixed by security patches like software. The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

Offshoring the proprietary Intellectual property (IP) has recently increased the threat of malicious logic insertion in the form of Hardware Trojan (HT). A potential and stealthy HT is triggered with nets that switch rarely during regular…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-03-31 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Love Kumar Sah , Srinivas Katkoori

The threat of hardware Trojans (HTs) and their detection is a widely studied field. While the effort for inserting a Trojan into an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) can be considered relatively high, especially when trusting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-02-03 Thilo Krachenfels , Jean-Pierre Seifert , Shahin Tajik

This paper reports a novel approach that uses transistor aging in an integrated circuit (IC) to detect hardware Trojans. When a transistor is aged, it results in delays along several paths of the IC. This increase in delay results in timing…

Insertion of hardware Trojans (HTs) in integrated circuits is a pernicious threat. Since HTs are activated under rare trigger conditions, detecting them using random logic simulations is infeasible. In this work, we design a reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Vasudev Gohil , Satwik Patnaik , Hao Guo , Dileep Kalathil , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran

Due to the globalization of Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain, hardware trojans and the attacks that can trigger them have become an important security issue. One type of hardware Trojans leverages the don't care transitions in Finite…

符号计算 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Ruochen Dai , Tuba Yavuz

Hardware trojan detection methods, based on machine learning (ML) techniques, mainly identify suspected circuits but lack the ability to explain how the decision was arrived at. An explainable methodology and architecture is introduced…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

As the semiconductor industry has shifted to a fabless paradigm, the risk of hardware Trojans being inserted at various stages of production has also increased. Recently, there has been a growing trend toward the use of machine learning…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Rahul Vishwakarma , Amin Rezaei

In the evolving landscape of integrated circuit design, detecting Hardware Trojans (HTs) within a multi entity based design cycle presents significant challenges. This research proposes an innovative machine learning-based methodology for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Anindita Chattopadhyay , Siddharth Bisariya , Vijay Kumar Sutrakar

Current Hardware Trojan (HT) detection techniques are mostly developed based on a limited set of HT benchmarks. Existing HT benchmark circuits are generated with multiple shortcomings, i.e., i) they are heavily biased by the designers'…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Peter Jamieson , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Hardware Trojans (HTs) have drawn more and more attention in both academia and industry because of its significant potential threat. In this paper, we proposed a novel HT detection method using information entropy based clustering, named…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2019-06-18 Renjie Lu , Haihua Shen , Feng Zhang , Huawei Li , Wei Zhao , Xiaowei Li

Hardware Trojans (HT s) are a persistent threat to integrated circuits, especially when inserted at the register-transfer level (RTL). Existing methods typically first convert the design into a graph, such as a gate-level netlist or an…

Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components are often preferred over custom Integrated Circuits (ICs) to achieve reduced system development time and cost, easy adoption of new technologies, and replaceability. Unfortunately, the integration…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Tanvir Hossain , Matthew Showers , Mahmudul Hasan , Tamzidul Hoque