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Local realistic models cannot completely describe all predictions of quantum mechanics. This is known as Bell's theorem that can be revealed either by violations of Bell inequality, or all-versus-nothing proof of nonlocality. Hardy's…

Hardy's non-locality paradox is a proof without inequalities showing that certain non-local correlations violate local realism. It is `possibilistic' in the sense that one only distinguishes between possible outcomes (positive probability)…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-06-25 Shane Mansfield , Tobias Fritz

Tests such as Bell's inequality and Hardy's paradox show that joint probabilities and correlations between distant particles in quantum mechanics are inconsistent with local realistic theories. Here we experimentally demonstrate these…

Since the pillars of quantum theory were established, it was already noted that quantum physics may allow certain correlations defying any local realistic picture of nature, as first recognized by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen. These quantum…

Bell showed 50 years ago that quantum theory is nonlocal via his celebrated inequalities, turning the issue of quantum nonlocality from a matter of taste into a matter of test. Years later, Hardy proposed a test for nonlocality without…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-10-13 Sixia Yu

Hardy's paradox was originally presented as a demonstration, without inequalities, of the incompatibility between quantum mechanics and the hypothesis of local causality. Equipped with newly developed tools that allow for a quantitative…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-02-19 N. G. Engelbert , R. M. Angelo

Hardy-type paradoxes offer elegant, inequality-free proof of quantum contextuality. In this work, we introduce a unified logical formulation for general Hardy-type paradoxes, which we term logical Hardy-type paradoxes. We prove that for any…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-07 Songyi Liu , Yongjun Wang , Baoshan Wang , Chang He , Yunyi Jia

Certain predictions of quantum theory are not compatible with the notion of local-realism. This was the content of Bell's famous theorem of the year 1964. Bell proved this with the help of an inequality, famously known as Bell's inequality.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-10-06 Sujit K Choudhary , Pankaj Agrawal

Hardy's proof is considered the simplest proof of nonlocality. Here we introduce an equally simple proof that (i) has Hardy's as a particular case, (ii) shows that the probability of nonlocal events grows with the dimension of the local…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-01-08 Jing-Ling Chen , Adan Cabello , Zhen-Peng Xu , Hong-Yi Su , Chunfeng Wu , L. C. Kwek

Here we present the most general framework for $n$-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any $n\ge 3$ we demonstrate that there always exist generalized…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-02-07 Shu-Han Jiang , Zhen-Peng Xu , Hong-Yi Su , Arun Kumar Pati , Jing-Ling Chen

Bell's theorem states that quantum mechanical description on physical quantity cannot be fully explained by local realistic theories, and lays solid basis for various quantum information applications. Hardy's paradox is celebrated to be the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-08-09 Si-Ran Zhao , Shuai Zhao , Hai-Hao Dong , Wen-Zhao Liu , Jing-Ling Chen , Kai Chen , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

A Hardy-like version of the quantum pigeonhole paradox is proposed, which can also be considered as a special kind of Hardy's paradox. Besides an example induced from the minimal system, a general construction of this paradox from an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-04-13 Weidong Tang

Depending on the way one measures, quantum nonlocality might manifest more visibly. Using basis transformations and interactions on a particle pair, Hardy logically argued that any local hidden variable theory leads to a paradox. Extended…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-04-18 Duc Minh Tran , Van-Duy Nguyen , Le Bin Ho , Hung Q. Nguyen

Bell's inequality fundamentally changed our understanding of quantum mechanics. Bell's insight that non-local correlations between quantum systems cannot be explained classically can be verified experimentally, and has numerous applications…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Laura Mančinska , Stephanie Wehner

Hardy's non-locality theorem for multiple two-level systems is explored in the context of generalized nonlocal theory. We find nonlocal but non-signaling probabilities, providing Hardy's nonlocal argument, which are higher than those in…

Recently, Chen et al introduced an alternative form of Hardy's paradox for $2$-settings and high-dimensional systems [Phy. Rev. A 88, 062116 (2013)], in which there is a great progress in improving the maximum probability of the nonlocal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-12-12 H. X. Meng , J. Zhou , Z. P. Xu , H. Y. Su , T. Gao , F. L. Yan , J. L. Chen

Hardy's nonlocality is a "nonlocality proof without inequalities": it exemplifies that quantum correlations can be qualitatively stronger than classical correlations. This paper introduces variants of Hardy's nonlocality in the CHSH…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-04-03 Tobias Fritz

Nonlocality can be studied through different approaches, such as Bell's inequalities, and it can be found in numerous quantum states, including GHZ states or graph states. Hardy's paradox, or Hardy-type nonlocality, provides a way to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-09 Duc Manh Doan , Hung Q. Nguyen

Logical nonlocality is completely characterized by Hardy's "paradox" in (2,2,l) and (2,k,2) scenarios. We consider a variety of consequences and applications of this fact. (i) Polynomial algorithms may be given for deciding logical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-02-28 Shane Mansfield

The amount of nonlocality in quantum theory is limited compared to that allowed in generalized no-signaling theory [Found. Phys. 24, 379 (1994)]. This feature, for example, gets manifested in the amount of Bell inequality violation as well…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-03-31 Subhadipa Das , Manik Banik , Md. Rajjak Gazi , Ashutosh Rai , Samir Kunkri
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