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Blockchain is a decentralized ledger used to securely exchange digital currency, perform deals and transactions efficient manner, each user of the network has access to the least copy of the encrypted ledger so that they can validate a new…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-01-03 Bosubabu Sambana

Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography which has recently gained excessive popularity. Scientific research on bitcoin is less abundant. A paper at Financial Cryptography 2012…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2014-04-11 Nicolas T. Courtois , Marek Grajek , Rahul Naik

Blockchain technology has become almost as famous for incidents involving security breaches as for its innovative potential. We shed light on the prevalence and nature of these incidents through a database structured using the STIX format.…

Tezos is an innovative blockchain that improves on several aspects compared to more established blockchains. It offers an original proof-of-stake consensus algorithm and can be used as a decentralized smart contract platform. It has the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-09-19 Victor Allombert , Mathias Bourgoin , Julien Tesson

Blockchains are tamper evident and tamper resistant digital ledgers implemented in a distributed fashion (i.e., without a central repository) and usually without a central authority (i.e., a bank, company, or government). At their basic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-27 Dylan Yaga , Peter Mell , Nik Roby , Karen Scarfone

Heretofore the concept of "blockchain" has not been precisely defined. Accordingly the potential useful applications of this technology have been largely inflated. This work sidesteps the question of what constitutes a blockchain as such…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2017-03-14 S. Matthew English , Ehsan Nezhadian

The philosophy of blockchain technology is concerned, among other things, with blockchain ontology, how it might be characterised, how it is being created, implemented, and adopted, how it operates in the world, and how it evolves over…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-11-12 Renato P. dos Santos

Cryptocurrencies are considered relevant assets and they are currently used as an investment or to carry out transactions. However, specific characteristics commonly associated with the cryptocurrencies such as irreversibility,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Hugo Almeida , Pedro Pinto , Ana Fernández Vilas

Blockchain is a technology that provides a distributed ledger that stores previous records while maintaining consistency and security. Bitcoin is the first and largest decentralized electronic cryptographic system that uses blockchain…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-11-05 Befekadu G. Gebraselase , Bjarne E. Helvik , Yuming Jiang

We give an explicit definition of decentralization and show you that decentralization is almost impossible for the current stage and Bitcoin is the first truly noncentralized currency in the currency history. We propose a new framework of…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2016-09-12 Xiaochao Qian

The Binary Vector Clock is a simple, yet space-efficient algorithm for generating a partial order of transactions in account-based blockchain systems. The Binary Vector Clock solves the problem of order dependency in systems such as…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Lum Ramabaja

Blockchain is a growing decentralized system built for transparency and immutability. There have been several major attacks on blockchain-based systems, leaving a gap in the trustability of this system. This article presents a comprehensive…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Joydip Das , Syed Ashraf Al Tasin , Md. Forhad Rabbi , Md Sadek Ferdous

Blockchain has received expanding interest from various domains. Institutions, enterprises, governments, and agencies are interested in Blockchain potential to augment their software systems. The unique requirements and characteristics of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-12-15 Mahdi Fahmideh , Anuradha Gunawardana , Shiping Chen , Jun Shen , Brian Yecies

Bitcoin transactions include unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) as their inputs and generate one or more newly owned UTXOs at specified addresses. Each UTXO can only be used as an input in a transaction once, and using it in two or more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-08-22 Changhoon Kang , Jongsoo Woo , James Won-Ki Hong

An algorithmic stablecoin is a type of cryptocurrency managed by algorithms (i.e., smart contracts) to dynamically minimize the volatility of its price relative to a specific form of asset, e.g., US dollar. As algorithmic stablecoins have…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-01-22 Wenqi Zhao , Hui Li , Yuming Yuan

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core components, consensus protocol is the defining technology…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-02-21 Yang Xiao , Ning Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

The objective of this paper is the construction of new indicators that can be useful to operate in the cryptocurrency market. These indicators are based on public data obtained from the blockchain network, specifically from the nodes that…

统计金融 · 定量金融 2024-03-05 Juan C. King , Roberto Dale , José M. Amigó

In recent years, blockchain technology has been recognized as a transformative innovation in the tech world, and it has quickly become the core infrastructure of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and an important tool in various…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Mohsen Ghorbian , Mostafa Ghobaei-Arani

In this paper we describe the various scoring systems used to calculate rewards of participants in Bitcoin pooled mining, explain the problems each were designed to solve and analyze their respective advantages and disadvantages.

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2011-12-22 Meni Rosenfeld

Cryptocurrencies gain trust in users by publicly disclosing the full creation and transaction history. In return, the transaction history faithfully records the whole spectrum of cryptocurrency user behaviors. This article analyzes and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-05 Xiao Fan Liu , Xin-Jian Jiang , Si-Hao Liu , Chi Kong Tse