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Gravitational wave (GW) searches using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are assumed to be limited by the typical average observational cadence of $1/(2~{\rm weeks})$ for a single pulsar to GW frequencies $\lesssim 4\times 10^{-7}$ Hz. We show…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-02-10 Yan Wang , Soumya D. Mohanty , Zhoujian Cao

Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) should be the most powerful sources of gravitational waves (GWs) in the Universe. Once Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) detect the stochastic GW background from their cosmic merger history,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-06-26 Nicole M. Khusid , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Priyamvada Natarajan , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Anna Barnacka

Observing and timing a group of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) with high rotational stability enables the direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). The GW signals can be identified from the spatial correlations encoded in the…

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can constitute the predominant fraction of dark matter (DM) if PBHs reside in the currently unconstrained "sublunar" mass range. PBHs originating from scalar perturbations generated during inflation can…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-28 Sunao Sugiyama , Volodymyr Takhistov , Edoardo Vitagliano , Alexander Kusenko , Misao Sasaki , Masahiro Takada

In this study, we investigate the scenario in which the stochastic signal arises from primordial gravitational waves. Within this framework, we consider two distinct possibilities: one in which the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) signal…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-24 Jun Li , Guanghai Guo , Pengfei Yan

Pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) are seeking gravitational waves from supermassive-black-hole binaries, and there are prospects to complement these searches with stellar-astrometry measurements. Theorists still disagree, however, as to whether…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2020-06-19 Selim C. Hotinli , Marc Kamionkowski , Andrew H. Jaffe

Pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs), which induce correlated changes in millisecond pulsars' timing residuals. PTA collaborations around the world have recently announced evidence of a nanohertz…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-10-24 Shashwat C. Sardesai , Joseph Simon , Sarah J. Vigeland

Pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments are expected to detect nano-Hertz gravitational waves (GWs) emitted from individual inspiralling supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs). The GW signals from a small fraction of these SMBBHs may be…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-19 Hao Ma , Youjun Lu , Zhiwei Chen , Yunfeng Chen

Primordial Black Holes (PBH) could be the cold dark matter of the universe. They could have arisen from large (order one) curvature fluctuations produced during inflation that reentered the horizon in the radiation era. At reentry, these…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-09-20 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Marco Peloso , Caner Unal

Using public pulse time-of-arrival data from five pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), we search for a stationary, isotropic, and unpolarized nHz stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). This analysis is more sensitive than previous…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-29 Wang-Wei Yu , Bruce Allen

The gravitational wave (GW) signal offers a promising window into the dynamics of the early universe. The recent results from the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) could be the first glimpse of such new physics. In particular, they could point to…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-11-13 Haipeng An , Boye Su , Hanwen Tai , Lian-Tao Wang , Chen Yang

We use the Horizon-AGN cosmological simulation to study the properties of supermassive black hole binaries (MBHBs) contributing most to the gravitational wave background (GWB) signal expected in the pulsar timing array (PTA) band. We…

A perturbation on the background inflaton potential can lead inflation into the ultraslow-roll stage and can thus remarkably enhance the power spectrum ${\cal P}_{\cal R}(k)$ of the primordial curvature perturbation on small scales. Such an…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-02-15 Ji-Xiang Zhao , Xiao-Hui Liu , Nan Li

Gravitational waves (GWs) are fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity. Using a collection of millisecond pulsars as high-precision clocks, the nanohertz band of this radiation is likely…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2019-08-13 P. Demorest , J. Lazio , A. Lommen

Pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) are in the near future expected to detect a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) produced by a population of inspiralling super-massive black hole binaries. In this work, we consider a background that…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-07-20 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

We present the results of the search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies using the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) for 25 millisecond pulsars and a…

The amplitude of the detected stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) measured by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and the discovery of early and over-massive central black holes at high redshift by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-06 D. Martín-González

Pulsar Timing Array collaborations have recently announced the discovery of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nanohertz frequencies. We analyze the GW signals from the domination of ultra-low mass primordial black holes…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-27 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Rajeev Kumar Jain , Marek Lewicki

Primordial black hole (PBH) mergers have been proposed as an explanation for the gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO collaboration. Such PBHs may be formed in the early Universe as a result of the collapse of extremely rare…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-02-20 Tomohiro Nakama , Joseph Silk , Marc Kamionkowski

Massive black holes are key ingredients of the assembly and evolution of cosmic structures. Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) currently provide the only means to observe gravitational radiation from massive black hole binary systems with masses…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2010-05-27 A. Sesana , A. Vecchio