相关论文: On the Confidence Intervals in Bioequivalence Stud…

Consider two random variables contaminated by two unknown transformations. The aim of this paper is to test the equality of those transformations. Two cases are distinguished: first, the two random variables have known distributions.…

Meta-analyses are commonly performed based on random-effects models, while in certain cases one might also argue in favour of a common-effect model. One such case may be given by the example of two "study twins" that are performed according…

Assessing whether two patient populations exhibit comparable event dynamics is essential for evaluating treatment equivalence, pooling data across cohorts, or comparing clinical pathways across hospitals or strategies. We introduce a…

Reliability is probability of success in a success-failure experiment. Confidence in reliability estimate improves with increasing number of samples. Assurance sets confidence level same as reliability to create one number for easier…

Suppose you are told that taking a statin will reduce your risk of a heart attack or stroke by 3% in the next ten years, or that women have better emotional intelligence than men. You may wonder how accurate the 3% is, or how confident we…

Based on the test for equality of quantiles originally introduced by Kosorok (1999), we propose new power formulas for the comparison of one quantile between two treatment groups, as well as for the comparison of a collection of quantiles.…

The goal of any estimation study is an interval estimation of a the parameter(s) of interest. These estimations are mostly expressed using empirical confidence intervals that are based on sample point estimates of the corresponding…

In-vivo toxicological studies are characterized by multiple primary endpoints with quite different scales. Whereas guidelines and publications provide various statistical tests for normally distributed endpoints (such as organ weights) and…

For any class of one-sided $1-\alpha$ confidence intervals with a certain monotonicity ordering on the random confidence limit, the smallest interval, in the sense of the set inclusion for the difference of two proportions of two…

An early phase clinical trial is the first step in evaluating the effects in humans of a potential new anti-disease agent or combination of agents. Usually called "phase I" or "phase I/II" trials, these experiments typically have the…

Statistical significance of both the original and the replication study is a commonly used criterion to assess replication attempts, also known as the two-trials rule in drug development. However, replication studies are sometimes conducted…

Tests of equality of copulas between two samples are introduced and studied using the empirical Bernstein copula process. Three statistics are proposed and their asymptotic properties are established. Besides, a subsampling Bernstein…

Measures of association play a central role in the social sciences to quantify the strength of a linear relationship between the variables of interest. In many applications researchers can translate scientific expectations to hypotheses…

We introduce equivalence testing procedures for linear regression analyses. Such tests can be very useful for confirming the lack of a meaningful association between a continuous outcome and a continuous or binary predictor. Specifically,…

Controlled experiments are widely used in many applications to investigate the causal relationship between input factors and experimental outcomes. A completely randomized design is usually used to randomly assign treatment levels to…

We derive the sample size formulae for comparing two negative binomial rates based on both the relative and absolute rate difference metrics in noninferiority and equivalence trials with unequal follow-up times, and establish an approximate…

Randomized trials are considered the gold standard for making informed decisions in medicine, yet they often lack generalizability to the patient populations in clinical practice. Observational studies, on the other hand, cover a broader…

To improve confounder adjustments, observational studies are often matched on potential confounders. While matched case-control studies are common and well covered in the literature, our focus here is on matched cohort studies, which are…

Small sample sizes in clinical studies arises from factors such as reduced costs, limited subject availability, and the rarity of studied conditions. This creates challenges for accurately calculating confidence intervals (CIs) using the…

Clinical trials are vital for evaluation of safety and efficacy of new treatments. However, clinical trials are resource-intensive, time-consuming and expensive to conduct, where errors in trial design, reduced efficacy, and safety events…