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The Four color problem is closely related to other branches of mathematics and practical applications. More than 20 of its reformulations are known, which connect this problem with problems of algebra, statistical mechanics and planning.…

历史与综述 · 数学 2024-05-10 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

In two-player finite-state stochastic games of partial observation on graphs, in every state of the graph, the players simultaneously choose an action, and their joint actions determine a probability distribution over the successor states.…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2011-07-13 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen

Consider a two-player game repeated N times. Player 1 can choose between two styles (for interpretability, offensive and defensive), whereas Player 2 uses a single fixed style. Let X N\,:= \#wins -\#losses for Player 1 after N games, and…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Jonatha ANSELMI , Bruno Gaujal

This paper reframes approachability theory within the context of population games. Thus, whilst one player aims at driving her average payoff to a predefined set, her opponent is not malevolent but rather extracted randomly from a…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2014-07-16 Dario Bauso , Thomas W L Norman

In a strong game played on the edge set of a graph G there are two players, Red and Blue, alternating turns in claiming previously unclaimed edges of G (with Red playing first). The winner is the first one to claim all the edges of some…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2015-07-19 Asaf Ferber , Pascal Pfister

Games on graphs provide a natural and powerful model for reactive systems. In this paper, we consider generalized reachability objectives, defined as conjunctions of reachability objectives. We first prove that deciding the winner in such…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2012-02-06 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Florian Horn

In the paper it is proven that the two-players turn-based stochastic game "Risk or Safety" has a unique solution. Both players need to play the same strategy if they want to maximize their winning chances. An analytical method based on the…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-03 Rüdiger Jehn

In this paper, we investigate the multiplayer General Lotto game across multiple battlefields, a significant variant of the Colonel Blotto game. In this version, each player employs a probability distribution for resource allocation,…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yan Liu , Bonan Ni , Weiran Shen , Zihe Wang , Jie Zhang

In this paper we solve the three-player-game question. A three-player-game consists of a series of rounds. There are altogether three players. Two players participate in each round, at the end of the round the loser quits and the third…

概率论 · 数学 2020-09-11 Fangqi Li

We construct a statistical ensemble of games, where in each independent subensemble we have two players playing the same game. We derive the mean payoffs per move of the representative players of the game, and we evaluate all the…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2016-09-08 Rui Dilao , Joao Graciano

Total variant of well known graph coloring game is considered. We determine exact values of total game chromatic number for some classes of graphs and show show the strategie for first player to win the game. We also show relation between…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-10-30 Tomasz Bartnicki , Zofia Miechowicz

We study the famous mathematical puzzle of prisoners and hats. We introduce a framework in which various variants of the problem can be formalized. We examine three particular versions of the problem (each one in fact a class of problems)…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-01-08 Petr Glivický

The allocation of resources plays an important role in the completion of system objectives and tasks, especially in the presence of strategic adversaries. Optimal allocation strategies are becoming increasingly more complex, given that…

理论经济学 · 经济学 2025-05-07 Keith Paarporn , Adel Aghajan , Jason R. Marden

We introduce the game of Cat Herding, where an omnipresent herder slowly cuts down a graph until an evasive cat player has nowhere to go. The number of cuts made is the score of a game, and we study the score under optimal play. In this…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-09-23 Rylo Ashmore , Danny Dyer , Trent Marbach , Rebecca Milley

In 2024, Daniel Litt posed a simple coinflip game pitting Alice's "Heads-Heads" vs Bob's "Heads-Tails": who is more likely to win if they score 1 point per occurrence of their substring in a sequence of n fair coinflips? This attracted over…

概率论 · 数学 2025-11-18 Svante Janson , Mihai Nica , Simon Segert

The aim of this paper is to solve the "gift exchange" problem: you are one of n players, and there are n wrapped gifts on display; when your turn comes, you can either choose any of the remaining wrapped gifts, or you can "steal" a gift…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-07-06 David Applegate , N. J. A. Sloane

We consider the following two-player game: Maxi and Mini start with the empty graph on $n$ vertices and take turns, always adding one additional edge to the graph such that the chromatic number is at most $k$, where $k \in \mathbb{N}$ is a…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-02-19 Ralph Keusch

Recently the matcher game was introduced. In this game, two players create a maximal matching by one player repeatedly choosing a vertex and the other player choosing a $K_2$ containing that vertex. One player tries to minimize the result…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-09-17 Anna Bachstein , Wayne Goddard , Connor Lehmacher

We study a random game in which two players in turn play a fixed number of moves. For each move, there are two possible choices. To each possible outcome of the game we assign a winner in an i.i.d. fashion with a fixed parameter p. In the…

概率论 · 数学 2024-09-05 Natalia Cardona-Tobón , Anja Sturm , Jan M. Swart

The semigroup game is a two-person zero-sum game defined on a semigroup S as follows: Players 1 and 2 choose elements x and y in S, respectively, and player 1 receives a payoff f(xy) defined by a function f from S to [-1,1]. If the…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2016-07-11 Valerio Capraro , Kent Morrison