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Due to the increasing use of machine learning in practice it becomes more and more important to be able to explain the prediction and behavior of machine learning models. An instance of explanations are counterfactual explanations which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-19 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

This work presents CounterNet, a novel end-to-end learning framework which integrates Machine Learning (ML) model training and the generation of corresponding counterfactual (CF) explanations into a single end-to-end pipeline.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-23 Hangzhi Guo , Thanh Hong Nguyen , Amulya Yadav

Transparency is a fundamental requirement for decision making systems when these should be deployed in the real world. It is usually achieved by providing explanations of the system's behavior. A prominent and intuitive type of explanations…

There has been considerable recent interest in explainability in AI, especially with black-box machine learning models. As correctly observed by the planning community, when the application at hand is not a single-shot decision or…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Vaishak Belle

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has become increasingly important in decision-critical domains such as healthcare, finance, and law. Counterfactual (CF) explanations, a key approach in XAI, provide users with actionable insights…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Volkan Bakir , Polat Goktas , Sureyya Akyuz

When applied in healthcare, reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to dynamically match the right interventions to subjects to maximize population benefit. However, the learned policy may disproportionately allocate efficacious actions to one…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-01-15 Jitao Wang , Chengchun Shi , John D. Piette , Joshua R. Loftus , Donglin Zeng , Zhenke Wu

Counterfactual examples (CFs) are one of the most popular methods for attaching post-hoc explanations to machine learning (ML) models. However, existing CF generation methods either exploit the internals of specific models or depend on each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-10 Ziheng Chen , Fabrizio Silvestri , Jia Wang , He Zhu , Hongshik Ahn , Gabriele Tolomei

While counterfactual fairness of point predictors is well studied, its extension to prediction sets--central to fair decision-making under uncertainty--remains underexplored. On the other hand, conformal prediction (CP) provides efficient,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Ozgur Guldogan , Neeraj Sarna , Yuanyuan Li , Michael Berger

The use of machine learning models in high-stake applications (e.g., healthcare, lending, college admission) has raised growing concerns due to potential biases against protected social groups. Various fairness notions and methods have been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Zhiqun Zuo , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili , Xueru Zhang

Feature attributions are a common paradigm for model explanations due to their simplicity in assigning a single numeric score for each input feature to a model. In the actionable recourse setting, wherein the goal of the explanations is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-17 Emanuele Albini , Jason Long , Danial Dervovic , Daniele Magazzeni

Counterfactual explanations are widely used to interpret machine learning predictions by identifying minimal changes to input features that would alter a model's decision. However, most existing counterfactual methods have not been tested…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Leonidas Christodoulou , Chang Sun

Recourse generators provide actionable insights, often through feature-based counterfactual explanations (CFEs), to help negatively classified individuals understand how to adjust their input features to achieve a positive classification.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Keziah Naggita , Matthew R. Walter , Avrim Blum

To collaborate well with robots, we must be able to understand their decision making. Humans naturally infer other agents' beliefs and desires by reasoning about their observable behavior in a way that resembles inverse reinforcement…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-08-05 Michael S. Lee , Henny Admoni , Reid Simmons

The imminent need to interpret the output of a Machine Learning model with counterfactual (CF) explanations - via small perturbations to the input - has been notable in the research community. Although the variety of CF examples is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Kleopatra Markou , Dimitrios Tomaras , Vana Kalogeraki , Dimitrios Gunopulos

Counterfactual statements, which describe events that did not or cannot take place, are beneficial to numerous NLP applications. Hence, we consider the problem of counterfactual detection (CFD) and seek to enhance the CFD models. Previous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Thong Nguyen , Truc-My Nguyen

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is becoming increasingly essential for enhancing the transparency of machine learning (ML) models. Among the various XAI techniques, counterfactual explanations (CFs) hold a pivotal role due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Fatima Ezzeddine , Obaida Ammar , Silvia Giordano , Omran Ayoub

Counterfactual Explanations (CFEs) interpret machine learning models by identifying the smallest change to input features needed to change the model's prediction to a desired output. For classification tasks, CFEs determine how close a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Margarita A. Guerrero , Cristian R. Rojas

Model interpretability has become an important problem in machine learning (ML) due to the increased effect that algorithmic decisions have on humans. Counterfactual explanations can help users understand not only why ML models make certain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-20 Ana Lucic , Harrie Oosterhuis , Hinda Haned , Maarten de Rijke

In recent years, there has been an explosion of AI research on counterfactual explanations as a solution to the problem of eXplainable AI (XAI). These explanations seem to offer technical, psychological and legal benefits over other…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-03 Mark T Keane , Eoin M Kenny , Eoin Delaney , Barry Smyth

Displaying confidence scores in human-AI interaction has been shown to help build trust between humans and AI systems. However, most existing research uses only the confidence score as a form of communication. As confidence scores are just…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-03-13 Thao Le , Tim Miller , Ronal Singh , Liz Sonenberg