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Quantum computing holds the promise of solving classically intractable problems. Enabling this requires scalable and hardware-efficient quantum processors with vanishing error rates. This perspective manuscript describes how bosonic codes,…

Superconducting qubits provide a promising approach to large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, qubit connectivity on a planar surface is typically restricted to only a few neighboring qubits. Achieving longer-range and more…

Transpilation, particularly noise-aware optimization, is widely regarded as essential for maximizing the performance of quantum circuits on superconducting quantum computers. The common wisdom is that each circuit should be transpiled using…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-03 Yuqian Huo , Jinbiao Wei , Christopher Kverne , Mayur Akewar , Janki Bhimani , Tirthak Patel

Noise is an important factor that influences the reliability of information acquisition, transmission, processing, and storage. In order to suppress the inevitable noise effects, a fault-tolerant information processing approach via quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-27 Qi Song , Hongjing Li , Chengxi Yu , Jingzheng Huang , Ding Wang , Peng Huang , Guihua Zeng

Fault-tolerant quantum computation is a technique that is necessary to build a scalable quantum computer from noisy physical building blocks. Key for the implementation of fault-tolerant computations is the ability to perform a universal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-10-14 Markus Grassl , Martin Roetteler

Coherent errors, and especially those that occur in correlation among a set of qubits, are detrimental for large-scale quantum computing. Correlations in noise can occur as a result of spatial and temporal configurations of instructions…

Fabrication errors pose a significant challenge in scaling up solid-state quantum devices to the sizes required for fault-tolerant (FT) quantum applications. To mitigate the resource overhead caused by fabrication errors, we combine two…

In certain approaches to quantum computing the operations between qubits are non-deterministic and likely to fail. For example, a distributed quantum processor would achieve scalability by networking together many small components;…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-05-29 Ying Li , Sean D. Barrett , Thomas M. Stace , Simon C. Benjamin

A long-standing open question about Gaussian continuous-variable cluster states is whether they enable fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum computation. The answer is yes. Initial squeezing in the cluster above a threshold value of 20.5…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-04-04 Nicolas C. Menicucci

We exhibit a simple, systematic procedure for detecting and correcting errors using any of the recently reported quantum error-correcting codes. The procedure is shown explicitly for a code in which one qubit is mapped into five. The…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-30 David P. DiVincenzo , Peter W. Shor

Current hardware for quantum computing suffers from high levels of noise, and so to achieve practical fault-tolerant quantum computing will require powerful and efficient methods to correct for errors in quantum circuits. Here, we explore…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-08-16 Aditya Jain , Pavithran Iyer , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

The immense scalability of continuous-variable cluster states motivates their study as a platform for quantum computing, with fault tolerance possible given sufficient squeezing and appropriately encoded qubits [Menicucci, PRL 112, 120504…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-07-31 Blayney W. Walshe , Lucas J. Mensen , Ben Q. Baragiola , Nicolas C. Menicucci

Quantum error correction becomes a practical possibility only if the physical error rate is below a threshold value that depends on a particular quantum code, syndrome measurement circuit, and decoding algorithm. Here we present an…

Most of the research done on quantum error correction studies an error model in which each qubit is affected by noise, independently of the other qubits. In this paper we study a different noise model -- one in which the noise may be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-09-09 Avraham Ben-Aroya , Amnon Ta-Shma

The hope of the quantum computing field is that quantum architectures are able to scale up and realize fault-tolerant quantum computing. Due to engineering challenges, such ''cheap'' error correction may be decades away. In the meantime, we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-02-17 Rutuja Kshirsagar , Amara Katabarwa , Peter D. Johnson

State-of-the-art superconducting quantum processors containing tens to hundreds of qubits have demonstrated the building blocks for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation. Nonetheless, a fundamental barrier to scaling further is the…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is considered a deciding component in enabling practical quantum computing. Stabilizer codes, and in particular topological surface codes, are promising candidates for implementing QEC by redundantly encoding…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-12 Josias Old , Stephan Tasler , Michael J. Hartmann , Markus Müller

Quantum computing hardware is affected by quantum noise that undermine the quality of results of an executed quantum program. Amongst other quantum noises, coherent error that caused by parameter drifting and miscalibration, remains…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Xiangyu Ren , Junjie Wan , Zhiding Liang , Antonio Barbalace

The path to fault-tolerant quantum computing hinges on hardware that scales while remaining compatible with quantum error correction (QEC). Silicon spin qubits are a leading hardware candidate because they combine industrial fabrication…

Typically, fault-tolerant operations and code concatenation are reserved for quantum error correction due to their resource overhead. Here, we show that fault tolerant operations have a large impact on the performance of symmetry based…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-07-19 Alvin Gonzales , Anjala M Babu , Ji Liu , Zain Saleem , Mark Byrd