相关论文: Strong inductive biases provably prevent harmless …

Recent advances in machine learning have inspired a surge of research into reconstructing specific quantities of interest from measurements that comply with certain physical laws. These efforts focus on inverse problems that are governed by…

Very large deep learning models trained using gradient descent are remarkably resistant to memorization given their huge capacity, but are at the same time capable of fitting large datasets of pure noise. Here methods are introduced by…

The problem of model selection is considered for the setting of interpolating estimators, where the number of model parameters exceeds the size of the dataset. Classical information criteria typically consider the large-data limit,…

When using optimal linear prediction to interpolate point observations of a mean square continuous stationary spatial process, one often finds that the interpolant mostly depends on those observations located nearest to the predictand. This…

Adversarial attacks dramatically change the output of an otherwise accurate learning system using a seemingly inconsequential modification to a piece of input data. Paradoxically, empirical evidence indicates that even systems which are…

Adversarial robustness has proven to be a required property of machine learning algorithms. A key and often overlooked aspect of this problem is to try to make the adversarial noise magnitude as large as possible to enhance the benefits of…

In practice, deep neural networks are often able to easily interpolate their training data. To understand this phenomenon, many works have aimed to quantify the memorization capacity of a neural network architecture: the largest number of…

Increasingly large parameter spaces, used to more accurately model precision observables in physics, can paradoxically lead to large deviations in the inferred parameters of interest -- a bias known as volume projection effects -- when…

The bias/variance tradeoff is fundamental to learning: increasing a model's complexity can improve its fit on training data, but potentially worsens performance on future samples. Remarkably, however, the human brain effortlessly handles a…

Estimated density is often interpreted as indicating how typical a sample is under a model. Yet deep models trained on one dataset can assign higher density to simpler out-of-distribution (OOD) data than to in-distribution test data. We…

Despite rapid advances in speech recognition, current models remain brittle to superficial perturbations to their inputs. Small amounts of noise can destroy the performance of an otherwise state-of-the-art model. To harden models against…

Gradient-based deep-learning algorithms exhibit remarkable performance in practice, but it is not well-understood why they are able to generalize despite having more parameters than training examples. It is believed that implicit bias is a…

Theoretical models that describe oscillations in biological systems are often either a limit cycle oscillator, where the deterministic nonlinear dynamics gives sustained periodic oscillations, or a noise-induced oscillator, where a fixed…

We consider bounds on the generalization performance of the least-norm linear regressor, in the over-parameterized regime where it can interpolate the data. We describe a sense in which any generalization bound of a type that is commonly…

Researchers often impute continuous variables under an assumption of normality, yet many incomplete variables are skewed. We find that imputing skewed continuous variables under a normal model can lead to bias; the bias is usually mild for…

Deep neural networks have been shown to be very powerful methods for many supervised learning tasks. However, they can also easily overfit to training set biases, i.e., label noise and class imbalance. While both learning with noisy labels…

Quantum noise is conventionally viewed as a fundamental obstacle in near-term quantum computing, motivating extensive error correction and mitigation strategies. We present numerical evidence that challenges this consensus. Through…

Labelling of data for supervised learning can be costly and time-consuming and the risk of incorporating label noise in large data sets is imminent. When training a flexible discriminative model using a strictly proper loss, such noise will…

Transfer learning is a key component of modern machine learning, enhancing the performance of target tasks by leveraging diverse data sources. Simultaneously, overparameterized models such as the minimum-$\ell_2$-norm interpolator (MNI) in…

Monotonic linear interpolation (MLI) - on the line connecting a random initialization with the minimizer it converges to, the loss and accuracy are monotonic - is a phenomenon that is commonly observed in the training of neural networks.…