相关论文: Racial Disparities in Pulse Oximetry Cannot Be Fix…
Identifying and measuring biases associated with sensitive attributes is a crucial consideration in healthcare to prevent treatment disparities. One prominent issue is inaccurate pulse oximeter readings, which tend to overestimate oxygen…
Algorithmic bias in healthcare mirrors existing data biases. However, the factors driving unfairness are not always known. Medical devices capture significant amounts of data but are prone to errors; for instance, pulse oximeters…
Non-invasive ambulatory estimation of blood oxygen saturation has emerged as an important clinical requirement to detect hypoxemia in the delayed post-infective phase of COVID-19, where dangerous hypoxia may occur in the absence of…
Accurate and real-time monitoring of saturated oxygen level of the blood is an important clinical issue gaining great attention in recent years and during COVID 19 pandemic. Monitoring the patients` ventilation and respiration dynamic is…
Tests for racial bias commonly assess whether two people of different races are treated differently. A fundamental challenge is that, because two people may differ in many ways, factors besides race might explain differences in treatment.…
Data equity is an emerging framework for responsible data science. However, its core concepts, including fairness, representativeness, and information bias, remain largely abstract and general, lacking the mathematical specificity needed…
Significance: Pulsatile blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO2 ) via pulse oximetry is a valuable clinical metric for assessing oxygen delivery. Individual anatomical features, including skin tone, may affect current optical pulse oximetry methods.…
In many domains, it is difficult to obtain the race data that is required to estimate racial disparity. To address this problem, practitioners have adopted the use of proxy methods which predict race using non-protected covariates. However,…
Hypoxemia, a medical condition that occurs when the blood is not carrying enough oxygen to adequately supply the tissues, is a leading indicator for dangerous complications of respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and COVID-19. While…
Sleep apnea (SA) is a chronic sleep-related disorder consisting of repetitive pauses or restrictions in airflow during sleep and is known to be a risk factor for cerebro- and cardiovascular disease. It is generally diagnosed using…
In recent years, media reports have called out bias and racism in face recognition technology. We review experimental results exploring several speculated causes for asymmetric cross-demographic performance. We consider accuracy differences…
Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin in red blood cells. While the oxygen affinity of blood is well understood and is routinely assessed in patients by pulse oximetry, variability at the single-cell level has not been…
Detection of desaturations on the pulse oximetry signal is of great importance for the diagnosis of sleep apneas. Using the counting of desaturations, an index can be built to help in the diagnosis of severe cases of obstructive sleep…
There is active debate over whether to consider patient race and ethnicity when estimating disease risk. By accounting for race and ethnicity, it is possible to improve the accuracy of risk predictions, but there is concern that their use…
Purpose: To analyze a recently published chest radiography foundation model for the presence of biases that could lead to subgroup performance disparities across biological sex and race. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study used…
In this paper we use an RXTE library of spectral models from 10 black-hole and 9 pulsar X-ray binaries, as well as model spectra available in the literature from 13 extra-galactic Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). We compute average…
Fairness in deep learning models trained with high-dimensional inputs and subjective labels remains a complex and understudied area. Facial emotion recognition, a domain where datasets are often racially imbalanced, can lead to models that…
Background: In medical imaging, prior studies have demonstrated disparate AI performance by race, yet there is no known correlation for race on medical imaging that would be obvious to the human expert interpreting the images. Methods:…
Breathing rate is a vital health metric that is an invaluable indicator of the overall health of a person. In recent years, the non-contact measurement of health signals such as breathing rate has been a huge area of development, with a…
Until recently, there has been a consensus that clinicians should condition patient risk assessments on all observed patient covariates with predictive power. The broad idea is that knowing more about patients enables more accurate…