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Designing good reflection questions is pedagogically important but time-consuming and unevenly supported across teachers. This paper introduces a reflection-in-reflection framework for automated generation of reflection questions with large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Ondřej Holub , Essi Ryymin , Rodrigo Alves

Although language models (LMs) have boosted the performance of Question Answering, they still need plenty of data. Data annotation, in contrast, is a time-consuming process. This especially applies to Question Answering, where possibly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Maximilian Schmidt , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Ngoc Thang Vu

Today, most large-scale conversational AI agents (e.g. Alexa, Siri, or Google Assistant) are built using manually annotated data to train the different components of the system. Typically, the accuracy of the ML models in these components…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-07 Pragaash Ponnusamy , Alireza Roshan Ghias , Chenlei Guo , Ruhi Sarikaya

Computer aided formative assessment can be used to enhance a learning process, for instance by providing feedback. There are many design choices for delivering feedback, that lead to a feedback strategy. In an informative feedback strategy,…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Gerben van der Hoek , Bastiaan Heeren , Rogier Bos , Paul Drijvers , Johan Jeuring

Our goal is a teachable reasoning system for question-answering (QA), where a user can interact with faithful answer explanations, and correct its errors so that the system improves over time. Our approach is to augment a QA model with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Bhavana Dalvi Mishra , Oyvind Tafjord , Peter Clark

The paper presents a novel model-based method for intelligent tutoring, with particular emphasis on the problem of selecting teaching interventions in interaction with humans. Whereas previous work has focused on either personalization of…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2021-02-22 Aurélien Nioche , Pierre-Alexandre Murena , Carlos de la Torre-Ortiz , Antti Oulasvirta

Instruction-guided text-to-speech (ITTS) enables users to control speech generation through natural language prompts, offering a more intuitive interface than traditional TTS. However, the alignment between user style instructions and…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-28 Yi-Cheng Lin , Huang-Cheng Chou , Tzu-Chieh Wei , Kuan-Yu Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Reflection is widely recognized as a cornerstone of student development, fostering critical thinking, self-regulation, and deep conceptual understanding. Traditionally, reflective skills have been cultivated through structured feedback,…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-09-10 Bo Yuan , Jiazi Hu

This paper focuses on robotic reinforcement learning with sparse rewards for natural language goal representations. An open problem is the sample-inefficiency that stems from the compositionality of natural language, and from the grounding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-12 Frank Röder , Manfred Eppe , Stefan Wermter

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can improve their reasoning performance through self-generated few-shot examples, achieving results comparable to manually curated in-context examples. However, the underlying…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Daehoon Gwak , Minseo Jung , Junwoo Park , Minho Park , ChaeHun Park , Junha Hyung , Jaegul Choo

Effective and timely feedback in educational assessments is essential but labor-intensive, especially for complex tasks. Recent developments in automated feedback systems, ranging from deterministic response grading to the evaluation of…

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have revolutionized education by offering personalized learning experiences. However, as goal-oriented learning, which emphasizes efficiently achieving specific objectives, becomes increasingly important…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Tianfu Wang , Yi Zhan , Jianxun Lian , Zhengyu Hu , Nicholas Jing Yuan , Qi Zhang , Xing Xie , Hui Xiong

High-fidelity, AI-based simulated classroom systems enable teachers to rehearse effective teaching strategies. However, dialogue-oriented open-ended conversations such as teaching a student about scale factors can be difficult to model.…

One-on-one tutoring is an effective instructional method for enhancing learning, yet its efficacy hinges on tutor competencies. Novice math tutors often prioritize content-specific guidance, neglecting aspects such as social-emotional…

Recent work has demonstrated that problems-- particularly imitation learning and structured prediction-- where a learner's predictions influence the input-distribution it is tested on can be naturally addressed by an interactive approach…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-06-24 Stephane Ross , J. Andrew Bagnell

Generative Language Models (LMs) such as ChatGPT have exhibited remarkable performance across various downstream tasks. Nevertheless, one of their most prominent drawbacks is generating inaccurate or false information with a confident tone.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Haixia Han , Jiaqing Liang , Jie Shi , Qianyu He , Yanghua Xiao

Recent trends in natural language processing using pretraining have shifted focus towards pretraining and fine-tuning approaches for text generation. Often the focus has been on task-agnostic approaches that generalize the language modeling…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-24 Shashi Narayan , Gonçalo Simoes , Ji Ma , Hannah Craighead , Ryan Mcdonald

Transformer-based language models have achieved remarkable success in few-shot in-context learning and drawn a lot of research interest. However, these models' performance greatly depends on the choice of the example prompts and also has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-21 Genta Indra Winata , Liang-Kang Huang , Soumya Vadlamannati , Yash Chandarana

This work investigates how tutoring discourse interacts with students' proximal knowledge to explain and predict students' learning outcomes. Our work is conducted in the context of high-dosage human tutoring where 9th-grade students (N=…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-13 Mark Abdelshiheed , Jennifer K. Jacobs , Sidney K. D'Mello

Few-shot methods for accurate modeling under sparse label-settings have improved significantly. However, the applications of few-shot modeling in natural language processing remain solely in the field of document classification. With recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-20 Anton Thielmann , Christoph Weisser , Benjamin Säfken
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