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We develop a simple model for computing planetary formation based on the core instability model for the gas accretion and the oligarchic growth regime for the accretion of the solid core. In this model several planets can form…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Yamila Miguel , Adrian Brunini

The discovery of planets orbiting at less than 1 au from their host star and less massive than Saturn in various exoplanetary systems revolutionized our theories of planetary formation. The fundamental question is whether these close-in…

Young nearby stars are good candidates in the search for planets with both radial velocity (RV) and direct imaging techniques. This, in turn, allows for the computation of the giant planet occurrence rates at all separations. The RV search…

Recent observations of nearby star forming regions have offered evidence that young brown dwarfs undergo a period of mass accretion analogous to the T Tauri phase observed in young stars. Brown dwarf analogs to stellar protostars, however,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Kevin R. Covey , Thomas P. Greene , Greg W. Doppmann , Charles J. Lada , Bruce A. Wilking

Recent ALMA molecular line observations have revealed 3-D gas velocity structure in protoplanetary disks, shedding light on mechanisms of disk accretion and structure formation. 1) By carrying out viscous simulations, we confirm that the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-02-24 Ian Rabago , Zhaohuan Zhu

We have updated the PlanetS catalog of transiting planets with precise and robust mass and radius measurements and use this catalog to explore mass-radius (M-R) diagrams. On the one hand, we propose new M-R relationships to separate…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-07 Léna Parc , François Bouchy , Julia Venturini , Caroline Dorn , Ravit Helled

The CARMENES radial velocity (RV) survey is observing 324 M dwarfs to search for any orbiting planets. In this paper, we present the survey sample by publishing one CARMENES spectrum for each M dwarf. These spectra cover the wavelength…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-25 A. Reiners , M. Zechmeister , J. A. Caballero , I. Ribas , J. C. Morales , S. V. Jeffers , P. Schöfer , L. Tal-Or , A. Quirrenbach , P. J. Amado , A. Kaminski , W. Seifert , M. Abril , J. Aceituno , F. J. Alonso-Floriano , M. Ammler-von Eiff , R. Antona , G. Anglada-Escudé , H. Anwand-Heerwart , B. Arroyo-Torres , M. Azzaro , D. Baroch , D. Barrado , F. F. Bauer , S. Becerril , V. J. S. Béjar , D. Benítez , Z. M. Berdiñas , G. Bergond , M. Blümcke , M. Brinkmöller , C. del Burgo , J. Cano , M. C. Cárdenas Vázquez , E. Casal , C. Cifuentes , A. Claret , J. Colomé , M. Cortés-Contreras , S. Czesla , E. Díez-Alonso , S. Dreizler , C. Feiz , M. Fernández , I. M. Ferro , B. Fuhrmeister , D. Galadí-Enríquez , A. Garcia-Piquer , M. L. García Vargas , L. Gesa , V. Gómez , Galera , J. I. González Hernández , R. González-Peinado , U. Grözinger , S. Grohnert , J. Guàrdia , E. W. Guenther , A. Guijarro , E. de Guindos , J. Gutiérrez-Soto , H. -J. Hagen , A. P. Hatzes , P. H. Hauschildt , R. P. Hedrosa , J. Helmling , Th. Henning , I. Hermelo , R. Hernández Arabí , L. Hernández Castaño , F. Hernández Hernando , E. Herrero , A. Huber , P. Huke , E. Johnson , E. de Juan , M. Kim , R. Klein , J. Klüter , A. Klutsch , M. Kürster , M. Lafarga , A. Lamert , M. Lampón , L. M. Lara , W. Laun , U. Lemke , R. Lenzen , R. Launhardt , M. López del Fresno , J. López-González , M. López-Puertas , J. F. López Salas , J. López-Santiago , R. Luque , H. Magán Madinabeitia , U. Mall , L. Mancini , H. Mandel , E. Marfil , J. A. Marín Molina , D. Maroto , Fernández , E. L. Martín , S. Martín-Ruiz , C. J. Marvin , R. J. Mathar , E. Mirabet , D. Montes , M. E. Moreno-Raya , A. Moya , R. Mundt , E. Nagel , V. Naranjo , L. Nortmann , G. Nowak , A. Ofir , R. Oreiro , E. Pallé , J. Panduro , J. Pascual , V. M. Passegger , A. Pavlov , S. Pedraz , A. Pérez-Calpena , D. Pérez Medialdea , M. Perger , M. A. C. Perryman , M. Pluto , O. Rabaza , A. Ramón , R. Rebolo , P. Redondo , S. Reffert , S. Reinhart , P. Rhode , H. -W. Rix , F. Rodler , E. Rodríguez , C. Rodríguez-López , A. Rodríguez Trinidad , R. -R. Rohloff , A. Rosich , S. Sadegi , E. Sánchez-Blanco , M. A. Sánchez Carrasco , A. Sánchez-López , J. Sanz-Forcada , P. Sarkis , L. F. Sarmiento , S. Schäfer , J. H. M. M. Schmitt , J. Schiller , A. Schweitzer , E. Solano , O. Stahl , J. B. P. Strachan , J. Stürmer , J. C. Suárez , H. M. Tabernero , M. Tala , T. Trifonov , S. M. Tulloch , R. G. Ulbrich , G. Veredas , J. I. Vico Linares , F. Vilardell , K. Wagner , J. Winkler , V. Wolthoff , W. Xu , F. Yan , M. R. Zapatero Osorio

We propose a pebble-driven planet formation scenario to form giant planets with high multiplicity and large orbital distances in the early gas disk phase. We perform N-body simulations to investigate the growth and migration of low-mass…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-06-24 John Wimarsson , Beibei Liu , Masahiro Ogihara

Advances in high-resolution imaging have revealed H$\alpha$ emission separated from the host star. It is generally believed that the emission is associated with forming planets in protoplanetary disks. However, the nature of this emission…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Thanawuth Thanathibodee , Nuria Calvet , Jaehan Bae , James Muzerolle , Ramiro Franco Hernández

Being one of the most fundamental physical parameter of astronomical objects, mass plays a vital role in the study of exoplanets, including their temperature structure, chemical composition, formation, and evolution. However, nearly a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-05-17 Guang-Yao Xiao , Yu-Juan Liu , Huan-Yu Teng , Wei Wang , Timothy D. Brandt , Gang Zhao , Fei Zhao , Meng Zhai , Qi Gao

Context. Current research has established magnetised disc winds as a promising way of driving accretion in protoplanetary discs. Aims. We investigate the evolution of large protoplanetary disc populations under the influence of magnetically…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-21 Jesse Weder , Christoph Mordasini , Alexandre Emsenhuber

The compact multi-transiting systems discovered by Kepler challenge traditional planet formation theories. These fall into two broad classes: (1) formation further out followed by migration; (2) formation in situ from a disk of gas and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Sourav Chatterjee , Jonathan C. Tan

We present a framework for estimating exoplanet occurrence rates by synthesizing constraints from radial velocity and transit surveys simultaneously. We employ approximate Bayesian computation and various mass-radius (M-R) relations to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-20 Michelle Kunimoto , Steve Bryson

The observed exoplanet population features a gap in the radius distribution that separates the smaller super-Earths ($\lesssim$1.7 Earth radii) from the larger sub-Neptunes ($\sim$1.7--4 Earth radii). While mass loss theories can explain…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-04 Eve J. Lee , Amalia Karalis , Daniel P. Thorngren

The study of protoplanetary disc evolution and planet formation has mainly concentrated on solar (and low) mass stars since they host the majority of the confirmed exoplanets. Nevertheless, the numerous planets found orbiting stars up to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-08 María Paula Ronco , Matthias R. Schreiber , Eva Villaver , Octavio M. Guilera , Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami

Terrestrial planets are easier to detect around M dwarfs than other types of stars, making them promising for next-generation atmospheric characterization studies. The $TESS$ mission has greatly increased the number of known M dwarf planets…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-12-14 Madison Brady , Jacob Bean

Stellar activity poses one of the main obstacles for the detection and characterisation of small exoplanets around cool stars, as it can induce radial velocity (RV) signals that can hide or mimic the presence of planetary companions.…

We present the first results from our Red Optical Planet Survey (ROPS) to search for low mass planets orbiting late type dwarfs (M5.5V - M9V) in their habitable zones (HZ). Our observations, with the red arm of the MIKE spectrograph (0.5 -…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 J. R. Barnes , J. S. Jenkins , H. R. A. Jones , P. Rojo , P. Arriagada , A. Jordan , D. Minniti , M. Tuomi , S. V. Jeffers , D. Pinfield

We present calculations of the occurrence rate of small close-in planets around low mass dwarf stars using the known planet populations from the $Kepler$ and $K2$ missions. Applying completeness corrections clearly reveals the radius valley…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-04-22 Ryan Cloutier , Kristen Menou

The hunt is on for dozens of protoplanets hypothesised to reside in protoplanetary discs with imaged gaps. How bright these planets are, and what they will grow to become, depend on their accretion rates, which may be in the runaway regime.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-08-02 Nick Choksi , Eugene Chiang , Jeffrey Fung , Zhaohuan Zhu